Abstract
ABSTRACT The interactions between salinity and different nitrogen (N) sources nitrate (NO3 −), ammonium (NH4 +), and NO3 − + NH4 + were investigated on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea cv. RH30). Treatments were added to observe the combined effect of two salinity levels (8 and 12 ds m− 1) and three nitrogen sources (NO3 −, NH4 +, and NO3 − + NH4 +) on different growth parameters and mineral composition in different plant parts, i.e., leaves, stem, and root. Salinity has been known to affect the uptake and assimilation of various essential nutrients required for normal growth and development. Different growth parameters, i.e., leaf area, dry weight of different plant parts, absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR) declined markedly by salinity at pre-flowering and flowering stages. All growth indices were less sensitive to salinity (12 d s m− 1) with the nitrate form of nitrogen. It is pertinent mention that a high dose (120 kg ha− 1) of nitrogen in ammonium form NH4 +, acted synergistically with salinity in inhibiting growth. Plants fed with combined nitrogen (NO3 − + NH4 +) had an edge over individual forms in ameliorating the adverse effects of salinity on growth and yield. Under salt stress, different nutrient elements such as N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), and magnesium (Mg2 +) were decreased in different plant parts (leaves, stem, and root). The maximum and minimum reduction was observed with ammoniacal and combined form of nitrogen, respectively, while the reverse was true of calcium (Ca2 +), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl−), and sulfate (SO4 2−) at harvest. Nitrogen application (120 Kg ha− 1) in combined form had been found to maintain highest concentrations of N, P, Mg2 +, and Ca2 + along with reduced concentrations of Na+, Cl−, and SO4 2 −. However, reverse was true with ammoniacal form of nitrogen.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity markedly reduced leaf area, dry weight and absolute growth rate at pre-flowering and flowering.
- Taxon
- Indian Mustard
Brassica junceat0 - Organ / stage
- pre-flowering and flowering stagese0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- leaf area, dry weight of different plant parts, absolute growth rate (AGR)e0
- Direction
- declined markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different growth parameters, i.e., leaf area, dry weight of different plant parts, absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR) declined markedly by salinity at pre-flowering and flowering stages”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity markedly reduced relative growth rate and net assimilation rate.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- relative growth rate (RGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR)e0
- Direction
- declined markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different growth parameters, i.e., leaf area, dry weight of different plant parts, absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR) declined markedly by salinity at pre-flowering and flowering stages”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate nitrogen reduced the sensitivity of growth indices to salinity.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- nitrate form of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- growth indicese0
- Direction
- less sensitivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All growth indices were less sensitive to salinity (12 d s m− 1) with the nitrate form of nitrogen”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
High dose ammonium nitrogen and salinity synergistically inhibited growth.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- 120 kg ha− 1e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a high dose (120 kg ha− 1) of nitrogen in ammonium form NH4 +, acted synergistically with salinity in inhibiting growth”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen better ameliorated adverse growth and yield effects than individual forms.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- combined nitrogen (NO3 − + NH4 +)e0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- had an edgee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants fed with combined nitrogen (NO3 − + NH4 +) had an edge over individual forms in ameliorating the adverse effects of salinity on growth and yield”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased N, phosphorus and potassium in leaves, stem and root.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Organ / stage
- leaves, stem, and roote0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K+)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under salt stress, different nutrient elements such as N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), and magnesium (Mg2 +) were decreased in different plant parts (leaves, stem, and root)”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased magnesium in plant parts.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- magnesium (Mg2 +)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under salt stress, different nutrient elements such as N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), and magnesium (Mg2 +) were decreased in different plant parts (leaves, stem, and root)”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen maintained the highest N, P and Mg concentrations.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen application (120 Kg ha− 1) in combined forme0
- Outcome
- concentrations of N, P, Mg2 +e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application (120 Kg ha− 1) in combined form had been found to maintain highest concentrations of N, P, Mg2 +, and Ca2 + along with reduced concentrations of Na+, Cl−, and SO4 2 −”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen maintained the highest Ca concentration.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen application (120 Kg ha− 1) in combined forme0
- Outcome
- Ca2 +e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application (120 Kg ha− 1) in combined form had been found to maintain highest concentrations of N, P, Mg2 +, and Ca2 + along with reduced concentrations of Na+, Cl−, and SO4 2 −”
t0“Indian Mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen reduced Na, Cl and sulfate concentrations.
- Taxon
- Indian MustardBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen application (120 Kg ha− 1) in combined forme0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Na+, Cl−, and SO4 2 −e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application (120 Kg ha− 1) in combined form had been found to maintain highest concentrations of N, P, Mg2 +, and Ca2 + along with reduced concentrations of Na+, Cl−, and SO4 2 −”
t0“Indian Mustard”
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3 papers in the same direction as this paper
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.