Abstract
We determined the interactive effects of irradiance, elevated CO2 concentration (EC), and temperature in carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus). Plants of the cv. Red Core Chantenay (RCC) were grown in a controlled environmental plant growth room and exposed to 3 levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (400, 800, 1 200 µmol m-2 s-1), 3 leaf chamber temperatures (15, 20, 30 °C), and 2 external CO2 concentrations (C a), AC and EC (350 and 750 µmol mol-1, respectively). Rates of net photosynthesis (P N) and transpiration (E) and stomatal conductance (g s ) were measured, along with water use efficiency (WUE) and ratio of internal and external CO2 concentrations (C i/C a). P N revealed an interactive effect between PAR and C a. As PAR increased so did P N under both C a regimes. The g s showed no interactive effects between the three parameters but had singular effects of temperature and PAR. E was strongly influenced by the combination of PAR and temperature. WUE was interactively affected by all three parameters. Maximum WUE occurred at 15 °C and 1 200 µmol m-2 s- 1 PAR under EC. The C i /C a was influenced independently by temperature and C a. Hence photosynthetic responses are interactively affected by changes in irradiance, external CO2 concentration, and temperature. EC significantly compensates the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on P N and WUE.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthesis responded interactively to irradiance and external CO2.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotat0 - Treatment
- PAR and C ae0
- Outcome
- P Ne0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P N revealed an interactive effect between PAR and C a.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthesis increased with irradiance under both CO2 regimes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As PAR increased so did P N under both C a regimes.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductance showed no three-factor interaction.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- three parameterse0
- Outcome
- g se0
- Direction
- no interactive effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The g s showed no interactive effects between the three parameters but had singular effects of temperature and PAR.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature and irradiance each affected stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- temperature and PARe0
- Outcome
- g se0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The g s showed no interactive effects between the three parameters but had singular effects of temperature and PAR.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiance and temperature jointly influenced transpiration.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- PAR and temperaturee0
- Outcome
- Ee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“E was strongly influenced by the combination of PAR and temperature.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency showed a three-factor interaction.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- all three parameterse0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WUE was interactively affected by all three parameters.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum water use efficiency occurred at 15 °C and high PAR under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- 15 °C and 1 200 µmol m-2 s- 1 PAR under ECe0
- Outcome
- Maximum WUEe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum WUE occurred at 15 °C and 1 200 µmol m-2 s- 1 PAR under EC.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Internal to external CO2 ratio was independently influenced by temperature and external CO2.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- temperature and C ae0
- Outcome
- C i /C ae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The C i /C a was influenced independently by temperature and C a.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 significantly compensated for high temperature and irradiance inhibition of photosynthesis and water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- ECe0
- Outcome
- P N and WUEe0
- Direction
- compensatese0
- Qualifier
- high temperature and irradiancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EC significantly compensates the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on P N and WUE.”
t0“Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots”
The same questions in other papers
radiation · physiology: photosynthesis · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
co2 · physiology: water · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.