Abstract
Summary Dissemination of cassava tissue culture plantlets is difficult in the arid tropics due to low eux vitro survival rates. Increased in vitro light intensity has been reported to induce high ex vitro survival rates. The results from earlier experiments suggested that it would be worthwhile to analyse the separate effects of in vitro light and of temperature on the in vitro growth pattern as well as differentiate its relation to ex vitro survival. Accordingly, analysis of a range of in vitro light intensities from 0 to 369 μmol −1 m −2 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was conducted both with and without fans to control the heat. Temperature proved stable at low PPFD levels but increased above 204 μmol s −1 m −2 when no fans were used. Increased PPFD levels induced larger fresh and dry masses as well as stem thickness. PPFD levels affected the developmental index (senescent leaf numbers) in vitro when it rose above 204 μmol s −1 m −2 PPFD. Raised temperature ranges increased the multiplication index (node numbers) in vitro and ex vitro . It increased root number and leaf development (lobe anatomy). As in vitro temperatures of up to 40°C improve multiplication rates and PPFD levels above 101 μmol s −1 m −2 were detrimental for ex vitro survival (as low as 60%), it is suggested that simpler and less costly laboratories with low light levels and a wide range of temperature tolerance could be successfully established in the tropics for in vitro cleaning and rapidly multiplying crops like cassava.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Without fans, temperature rose above a PPFD of 204 μmol s −1 m −2.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentat0 - Outcome
- Temperaturee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- above 204 μmol s −1 m −2 when no fans were usede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“Temperature proved stable at low PPFD levels but increased above 204 μmol s −1 m −2 when no fans were used.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing PPFD raised fresh and dry masses and stem thickness.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Increased PPFD levelse0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry masses as well as stem thicknesse0
- Direction
- largere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“Increased PPFD levels induced larger fresh and dry masses as well as stem thickness.”
Claim · model-written summary
PPFD above 204 μmol s −1 m −2 affected senescent leaf number in vitro.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- PPFD levelse0
- Outcome
- senescent leaf numberse0
- Qualifier
- above 204 μmol s −1 m −2 PPFDe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“PPFD levels affected the developmental index (senescent leaf numbers) in vitro when it rose above 204 μmol s −1 m −2 PPFD.”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised temperature increased node numbers in vitro and ex vitro.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Raised temperature rangese0
- Outcome
- node numberse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“Raised temperature ranges increased the multiplication index (node numbers) in vitro and ex vitro .”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised temperature increased root number.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Raised temperature rangese1
- Outcome
- root numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“It increased root number and leaf development (lobe anatomy).”
e1“Raised temperature ranges increased the multiplication index”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised temperature increased leaf development.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Raised temperature rangese1
- Outcome
- leaf development (lobe anatomy)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“It increased root number and leaf development (lobe anatomy).”
e1“Raised temperature ranges increased the multiplication index”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro temperatures up to 40°C improved multiplication rates.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- temperatures of up to 40°Ce0
- Outcome
- multiplication ratese0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“in vitro temperatures of up to 40°C improve multiplication rates”
Claim · model-written summary
PPFD above 101 μmol s −1 m −2 was detrimental to ex vitro survival, which fell as low as 60%.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- PPFD levels above 101 μmol s −1 m −2e0
- Outcome
- ex vitro survivale0
- Direction
- detrimentale0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“PPFD levels above 101 μmol s −1 m −2 were detrimental for ex vitro survival (as low as 60%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend low light and broad temperature tolerance for simpler tropical cassava tissue culture laboratories.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- simpler and less costly laboratories with low light levels and a wide range of temperature tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava”
e0“it is suggested that simpler and less costly laboratories with low light levels and a wide range of temperature tolerance could be successfully established in the tropics for in vitro cleaning and rapidly multiplying crops like cassava”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.