Abstract
Abstract Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world the objective was to obtain agronomic information on the effect of inter and intra‐row spacings on several of the most widely grown, early cultivars in America. Ten soybean cultivars differing in maturity (Group 0 through II) and growth characteristies were grown in two row spacings (27‐cm and 76‐cm) and varying populations (132,000 to 741,000 plants/ha) for 3 years in field trials on Typic Arguidolls fine silty; mixed mesic soil near Madison, Wis. Planting soybeans in 27‐cm rows vs. more conventional 76‐cm rows showed an average seed yield increase of 21% over all years, populations, and cultivars. All cultivars produced higher seed yields in narrow row spacings. The three early cultivars (Group O Maturity) generally exhibited a greater yield response (+27%) to narrow row spacings than did cultivars in Maturity Groups I and II (+19%). However, the later maturing cultivars generally produced the highest yields over all row spacings, plant populations and years. Varying the intra‐row plant spacing did not significantly affect seed yields. Increasing plant populations decreased the number of branches per plant and increased lodging, seed weight, and LAI. While the LAI increased as plant population increased in both the narrow and wide rows, no correlation existed with grain yield. Increasing the plant population in each row spacing increased the height of the lower pod by a range of 40 to 50%. The availability of new varieties with improved lodging resistance and herbicides with greater selectivity may lead to an accelerated acceptance of narrow row soybean production systems to capitalize on the increased yield potential in the northern growing regions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Planting soybeans in 27-cm rows rather than 76-cm rows increased seed yield by 21% on average.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- 27‐cm rowse1
- Outcome
- seed yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 21%e1
- Comparator
- 76‐cm rowse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“Planting soybeans in 27‐cm rows vs. more conventional 76‐cm rows showed an average seed yield increase of 21% over all years, populations, and cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
All cultivars produced higher seed yields in narrow row spacings.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- narrow row spacingse1
- Outcome
- seed yieldse1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“All cultivars produced higher seed yields in narrow row spacings”
Claim · model-written summary
Early-maturity cultivars showed a greater yield response (+27%) to narrow rows than cultivars in Maturity Groups I and II (+19%).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- early cultivarse1
- Treatment
- narrow row spacingse1
- Outcome
- yield responsee1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- +27%e1
- Qualifier
- +19%e1
- Comparator
- cultivars in Maturity Groups I and IIe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“The three early cultivars (Group O Maturity) generally exhibited a greater yield response (+27%) to narrow row spacings than did cultivars in Maturity Groups I and II (+19%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Later maturing cultivars generally produced the highest yields over all row spacings, populations and years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- later maturing cultivarse1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“However, the later maturing cultivars generally produced the highest yields over all row spacings, plant populations and years”
Claim · model-written summary
Intra-row plant spacing did not significantly affect seed yields.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- intra‐row plant spacinge1
- Outcome
- seed yieldse1
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“Varying the intra‐row plant spacing did not significantly affect seed yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant population decreased the number of branches per plant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Increasing plant populationse1
- Outcome
- number of branches per plante1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“Increasing plant populations decreased the number of branches per plant and increased lodging, seed weight, and LAI”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant population increased lodging.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Increasing plant populationse1
- Outcome
- lodginge1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“Increasing plant populations decreased the number of branches per plant and increased lodging, seed weight, and LAI”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant population increased seed weight and LAI.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Increasing plant populationse1
- Outcome
- seed weight, and LAIe1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e1“Increasing plant populations decreased the number of branches per plant and increased lodging, seed weight, and LAI”
Claim · model-written summary
LAI increased with plant population in both row spacings, but LAI showed no correlation with grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- plant populatione2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- no correlatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e2“While the LAI increased as plant population increased in both the narrow and wide rows, no correlation existed with grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant population in each row spacing increased lower pod height by 40 to 50%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Increasing the plant populatione3
- Outcome
- height of the lower pode3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 40 to 50%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e3“Increasing the plant population in each row spacing increased the height of the lower pod by a range of 40 to 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
New varieties and herbicides may lead to accelerated acceptance of narrow-row soybean production systems.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- acceptance of narrow row soybean production systemse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Since soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] acreage continues to increase in the higher latitudes of the world”
e4“The availability of new varieties with improved lodging resistance and herbicides with greater selectivity may lead to an accelerated acceptance of narrow row soybean production systems”
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