Abstract
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is the causal agent of anthracnose in Phaseolus vulgaris L. (French bean). The α and β races of the fungus were used in this study with French bean cultivar ‘Great Northern’. Whole plants inoculated with the α race developed brown lesions on the hypocotyls (susceptible response). The β race caused small limited lesions, indicating a more resistant interaction. Extracellular products and cell wall materials were isolated from β race cultures and extracellular products from α race cultures. The extracts were size fractionated. By using a cotyledon bioassay, elicitor activity was demonstrated on ‘Dark Red Kidney’ within fractions from the α race. Fractions from the β race had little activity on ‘Dark Red Kidney’ or ‘Great Northern’ cotyledons. Protoplasts were isolated from ‘Great Northern’ bean hypocotyl tissue and incubated with the fungal fractions. Even at low concentrations (0.01 μg glucose equivalent∙mL −1 ), the β race culture filtrate rapidly killed a greater percentage of protoplasts (30%) than the α race (15%). The β race wall extract had little effect upon protoplast viability. The proportion of nonviable protoplasts depended on the incubation period and the concentration of the fungal material. Heat treatment of the culture filtrates and wall extract did not decrease their lethal effects. The results suggest that protoplasts may be valuable in examining the nature of certain plant–pathogen interactions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha race inoculation produced brown susceptible hypocotyl lesions.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Treatment
- α racee0
- Outcome
- brown lesionse0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole plants inoculated with the α race developed brown lesions on the hypocotyls (susceptible response).”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Beta race caused small limited lesions, indicating resistance.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- β racee0
- Outcome
- small limited lesionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The β race caused small limited lesions, indicating a more resistant interaction.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha race fractions elicited activity on Dark Red Kidney cotyledons.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- ‘Dark Red Kidney’e0
- Treatment
- fractions from the α racee0
- Outcome
- elicitor activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elicitor activity was demonstrated on ‘Dark Red Kidney’ within fractions from the α race.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Beta race fractions had little elicitor activity on Dark Red Kidney or Great Northern cotyledons.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledonse0
- Treatment
- Fractions from the β racee0
- Outcome
- little activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fractions from the β race had little activity on ‘Dark Red Kidney’ or ‘Great Northern’ cotyledons.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Beta race filtrate killed 30% of protoplasts, compared with 15% for alpha race.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- β race culture filtratee0
- Outcome
- percentage of protoplastse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Qualifier
- 15%e0
- Comparator
- α racee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the β race culture filtrate rapidly killed a greater percentage of protoplasts (30%) than the α race (15%).”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Beta race wall extract had little effect on protoplast viability.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- β race wall extracte0
- Outcome
- protoplast viabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The β race wall extract had little effect upon protoplast viability.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonviable protoplast proportion depended on incubation period and fungal material concentration.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- concentration of the fungal materiale0
- Outcome
- proportion of nonviable protoplastse0
- Qualifier
- incubation periode0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The proportion of nonviable protoplasts depended on the incubation period and the concentration of the fungal material.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Heating filtrates and wall extract did not reduce lethal effects.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Heat treatmente0
- Outcome
- lethal effectse0
- Direction
- did not decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat treatment of the culture filtrates and wall extract did not decrease their lethal effects.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris protoplasts”
The same questions in other papers
heat · pest · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.