Abstract
Abstract Of the trace elements being redistributed by our present‐day society, Cd presents probably the greatest potential as a toxic agent in applications to soils. Numerous studies have indicated that various plant species accumulate differing toxic amounts of Cd, and that the toxic symptoms are exhibited differently. Studies to assess the possibility that different varieties of one plant species may exhibit a range of Cd uptake and/or susceptibility have not been conducted in a comprehensive manner. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive survey of the Cd uptake and effect by a number of the prominent soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] varieties grown on several CdCI 2 or sewage sludge‐amended soils in the glasshouse. In all varieties, Cd toxicity symptoms appeared as a continuum from slight effects observed as a red, red‐brown, or purple coloration at the junction of the leaf blade and petiole, to severe leaf curling and extensive reddening of the leaf veins, chlorosis, and finally a brittle condition followed by abscission of the leaves. All varieties showed increased shoot Cd concentration and decreased dry weight in response to soil CdCl 2 , but varietal differences in the severity of these Cd effects were observed. To quantify these differences in plant response to soil CdCI 2 , indices based on the severity of visual symptoms, dry weight reduction, and shoot Cd concentration were used to rank the varieties according to Cd susceptibility. As all three rankings were significantly correlated, a composite susceptibility index based on all three criteria could be used to describe the response of each variety to Cd. Susceptibility index rankings of varieties grown on three different CdCl 2 ‐amended soils were found to correlate with each other and with relative Cd concentrations of varieties grown on sewage sludge‐amended soil. Soybean maturity groupings were not correlated with visual symptoms, dry weight reduction, or shoot Cd concentration. The data suggest that of the soybean varieties tested for Cd susceptibility on CdCl 2 ‐amended soils that Dunfield, Harosoy, Arksoy, Dare, Flambeau, and Scioto were generally the most susceptible while Clark, Mandarin, Mukden, Jackson, and Lee were consistently ranked as less susceptible.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean varieties showed a continuum of cadmium toxicity symptoms.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- Cd toxicity symptomse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all varieties, Cd toxicity symptoms appeared as a continuum from slight effects observed as a red, red‐brown, or purple coloration at the junction of the leaf blade and petiole, to severe leaf curling and extensive reddening of the leaf veins, chlorosis, and finally a brittle condition followed by abscission of the leaves.”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil CdCl 2 increased shoot Cd concentration in all varieties.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- soil CdCl 2e0
- Outcome
- shoot Cd concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All varieties showed increased shoot Cd concentration and decreased dry weight in response to soil CdCl 2”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil CdCl 2 decreased dry weight in all varieties.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- soil CdCl 2e0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All varieties showed increased shoot Cd concentration and decreased dry weight in response to soil CdCl 2”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
Varieties differed in severity of cadmium effects.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- severity of these Cd effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“varietal differences in the severity of these Cd effects were observed”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
The three cadmium susceptibility rankings correlated significantly.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- rankingse0
Not reportedMaterialDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all three rankings were significantly correlated”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
Susceptibility rankings across three cadmium soils correlated with each other and sludge-soil concentrations.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Susceptibility index rankingse0
- Setting
- three different CdCl 2 ‐amended soilse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Susceptibility index rankings of varieties grown on three different CdCl 2 ‐amended soils were found to correlate with each other and with relative Cd concentrations of varieties grown on sewage sludge‐amended soil.”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
Maturity groupings did not correlate with symptoms, weight reduction or shoot Cd.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- maturity groupingse0
- Outcome
- visual symptoms, dry weight reduction, or shoot Cd concentratione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean maturity groupings were not correlated with visual symptoms, dry weight reduction, or shoot Cd concentration.”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
Dunfield, Harosoy, Arksoy, Dare, Flambeau and Scioto were most susceptible.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Dunfield, Harosoy, Arksoy, Dare, Flambeau, and Sciotoe0
- Outcome
- most susceptiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dunfield, Harosoy, Arksoy, Dare, Flambeau, and Scioto were generally the most susceptible”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark, Mandarin, Mukden, Jackson and Lee were less susceptible.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Clark, Mandarin, Mukden, Jackson, and Leee0
- Outcome
- less susceptiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clark, Mandarin, Mukden, Jackson, and Lee were consistently ranked as less susceptible”
t0“Differential Response of Soybean Varieties to Soil Cadmium1”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium dichloride · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
cadmium dichloride · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.