Abstract
Abstract Our purpose was to obtain more rapid germination of common bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] for hydroseeding. Accelerated germination is especially valuable in hydroseeding where rapid germination is necessary to take advantage of the investments which are made in water, nutrients, and wood fiber to modify seedbed environments. Establishment may be improved by assuring germination soon after the initial application of these materails. Germination was determined for hulled seeds of common bermudagrass as affected by constant and alternating temperatures of 0, 2, and 5 C, and 5‐degree increments through 30 C, and at 40 C in the laboratory. Diurnal regimes consisted of 8 hours at the higher and 16 hours at the lower temperature. Phenological curves were developed for germination in relation to the optimum and near‐optimum temperature regimes. A 10/40 temperature regime produced high and rapid germination. Soaking of the seeds at this optimum temperature regime before hydroseeding would accelerate germination. Commercial application of presoaked seeds at 10/40 C would require refrigeration of the soaking liquid to reduce temperature to 10 C at night and heating to increase temperature to 40 C during the day. In addition, because of rapid germination at 10/40 C, in subsequent hydroseeding many seeds would have germinated exposing fragile radicles to turbulence of the pump action and relatively high nozzle velocities. A constant 30 C for 24 hours of preplant soaking is suggested as a practical alternative. We used 25 C for postsoaking incubation because it is a reasonable temperature existing at the time of most seeding. Maximum germination at 30 C required soaking in a solution of 1.0 m M potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) for triggering germination during the first 24 hours of incubation plus 0.035 m M gibberellin (GA) for accelerated germination and growth from 48 to 72 hours. Seedling growth through 96 hours was greatly enhanced by the further addition of 0.01 m M kinetin.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
A 10/40 temperature regime gave high and rapid common bermudagrass germination.
- Taxon
- Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Cynodon dactylone0 - Treatment
- 10/40 temperature regimee1
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- high and rapide1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“common bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]”
e1“A 10/40 temperature regime produced high and rapid germination”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggested constant 30 C for 24 hours of preplant soaking as a practical alternative.
- Taxon
- Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.Cynodon dactylone0
- Outcome
- constant 30 C for 24 hours of preplant soakinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“common bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]”
e1“A constant 30 C for 24 hours of preplant soaking is suggested as a practical alternative”
Claim · model-written summary
At 30 C, 1.0 m M potassium nitrate during the first 24 hours triggered maximum germination.
- Taxon
- Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.Cynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- soaking in a solution of 1.0 m M potassium nitrate (KNO 3 )e1
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Qualifier
- during the first 24 hours of incubatione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“common bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]”
e1“Maximum germination at 30 C required soaking in a solution of 1.0 m M potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) for triggering germination during the first 24 hours of incubation”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 0.035 m M gibberellin accelerated germination and growth from 48 to 72 hours.
- Taxon
- Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.Cynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- 0.035 m M gibberellin (GA)e1
- Outcome
- germination and growthe1
- Direction
- acceleratede1
- Qualifier
- from 48 to 72 hourse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“common bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]”
e1“plus 0.035 m M gibberellin (GA) for accelerated germination and growth from 48 to 72 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Further addition of 0.01 m M kinetin greatly enhanced seedling growth through 96 hours.
- Taxon
- Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.Cynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- 0.01 m M kinetine1
- Outcome
- Seedling growthe1
- Direction
- greatly enhancede1
- Qualifier
- through 96 hourse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“common bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]”
e1“Seedling growth through 96 hours was greatly enhanced by the further addition of 0.01 m M kinetin”
The same questions in other papers
potassium nitrate · growth · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Gibberellic acid · growth · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
class · growth · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
application · growth · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.