Paper · 2000 · Canadian Journal of Plant Science

Pre-plant chilling requirements for cloving of spring-planted garlic

Manjula S. Bandara; Kristine Krieger; Alfred E. Slinkard; et al.

10
claims
16
verbatim quotes
25
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Fall-planted garlic (Allium sativum L.) has a higher number of cloves per bulb and higher bulb yield than spring-planted garlic. Many garlic growers, however, plant their crops in the spring to avoid losses associated with winterkill. Pre-plant storage temperature of cloves affects bulbing and cloving of the subsequent crop. Studies were conducted to determine the optimum duration of pre-plant chilling (4 °C) treatment for enhanced cloving and increased bulb yield of three spring-planted garlic cultivars (an unnamed local selection, California Early and California Late). In a greenhouse study, California Early and California Late cloves were planted after receiving low-temperature treatments of 4 °C for 0 (control), 30, 45, 60 or 75 days, whereas, for field studies, cloves from greenhouse-grown bulbs of all three cultivars were planted, and chilling treatments were similar to those for the greenhouse study.Pre-plant chilling treatments of cloves produced significant increases in cloving and bulb yield for all cultivars. In general, chilling treatment periods exceeding 30 d (for field) and 45 d (for greenhouse) resulted in improved cloving in bulbs of all cultivars. Improved cloving resulted in a significant increase in both bulb diameter and bulb yield per plant, particularly in greenhouse-grown garlic. Pre-plant chilling was not a pre-requisite for bulb formation, but it was essential for cloving. In conclusion, results indicate that better cloving and bulb yields are obtained if cloves have been stored at 4 °C for 45–60 d prior to field and greenhouse planting, respectively. Key words: Allium sativum, bulbing, low temperature treatment

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 10

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fall-planted garlic had more cloves per bulb than spring-planted garlic.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
Fall-plantede0
Outcome
number of cloves per bulbe0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
spring-planted garlice0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Fall-planted garlic (Allium sativum L.) has a higher number of cloves per bulb and higher bulb yield than spring-planted garlic.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–128 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fall-planted garlic had higher bulb yield than spring-planted garlic.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
Fall-plantede0
Outcome
bulb yielde0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
spring-planted garlice0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Fall-planted garlic (Allium sativum L.) has a higher number of cloves per bulb and higher bulb yield than spring-planted garlic.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Pre-plant chilling significantly increased cloving in all cultivars.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
Pre-plant chilling treatmentse0
Outcome
clovinge0
Direction
increasese0
Qualifier
all cultivarse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Pre-plant chilling treatments of cloves produced significant increases in cloving and bulb yield for all cultivars.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 920–1035 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–68 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Pre-plant chilling significantly increased bulb yield in all cultivars.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
Pre-plant chilling treatmentse0
Outcome
bulb yielde0
Direction
increasese0
Qualifier
all cultivarse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Pre-plant chilling treatments of cloves produced significant increases in cloving and bulb yield for all cultivars.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 920–1035 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–68 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chilling beyond 30 days in the field and 45 days in the greenhouse improved cloving across cultivars.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
chilling treatment periods exceeding 30 d (for field) and 45 d (for greenhouse)e0
Outcome
cloving in bulbse0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“chilling treatment periods exceeding 30 d (for field) and 45 d (for greenhouse) resulted in improved cloving in bulbs of all cultivars.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1048–1183 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–68 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Improved cloving significantly increased bulb diameter, especially in greenhouse-grown garlic.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
Improved clovinge0
Outcome
bulb diametere0
Direction
increasee0
Setting
greenhouse-grown garlice0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Improved cloving resulted in a significant increase in both bulb diameter and bulb yield per plant, particularly in greenhouse-grown garlic.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1184–1324 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Improved cloving significantly increased bulb yield per plant, especially in greenhouse-grown garlic.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
Improved clovinge0
Outcome
bulb yield per plante0
Direction
increasee0
Setting
greenhouse-grown garlice0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Improved cloving resulted in a significant increase in both bulb diameter and bulb yield per plant, particularly in greenhouse-grown garlic.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1184–1324 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bulbs formed without pre-plant chilling.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
Pre-plant chillinge0
Outcome
bulb formatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Pre-plant chilling was not a pre-requisite for bulb formation, but it was essential for cloving.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1325–1421 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–68 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pre-plant chilling was essential for cloving.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
Pre-plant chillinge0
Outcome
clovinge0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Pre-plant chilling was not a pre-requisite for bulb formation, but it was essential for cloving.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1325–1421 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–68 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Storing cloves at 4 °C for 45–60 days before field and greenhouse planting is recommended for better cloving and yield.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativumt0
Treatment
stored at 4 °C for 45–60 de0
Outcome
better cloving and bulb yieldse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“better cloving and bulb yields are obtained if cloves have been stored at 4 °C for 45–60 d prior to field and greenhouse planting”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1459–1588 · show in text ↑
t0

“garlic”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–68 · show in text ↑

cold · yield · Allium sativum (garlic)Results differ

8 papers: 6 positive, 2 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.