Abstract
To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees. As the drought progressing, soil relative water content (SRWC) decreased from 87 to 24% in 15 d; this combined the decreasing in leaf relative water content (LRWC), net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs). However, the concentrations of chlorophylls (Chl) remained unchanged while Pn values were declining. Photochemistry reactions were slightly down-regulated only under severe drought. Rubisco activity was significantly decreased as drought conditions became more severe. The actual efficiency of photosystem II (ϕPSII) was diminished as drought became more intense. Consequently, xanthophyll-regulated dissipation of thermal energy was greatly enhanced. Simultaneously, the ratio of ϕPSII to the quantum yield of carbon metabolism, which is measured under non-photorespiratory conditions, increased in parallel with drought severity. Our results indicate that, under progressive drought stress, the reduction in photosynthesis in apple leaves can be attributed primarily to stomatal limitations and the inhibited capacity for CO2 fixation. Xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal dissipation and the Mehler reaction are the most important pathways for dispersing excess energy from apple leaves during periods of drought stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Soil relative water content in the apple pot trial decreased from 87% to 24% over 15 days of withheld irrigation.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- irrigation was withhelde0
- Outcome
- soil relative water content (SRWC)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- from 87 to 24% in 15 de1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e1“As the drought progressing, soil relative water content (SRWC) decreased from 87 to 24% in 15 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf relative water content, net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance decreased under withheld irrigation.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- irrigation was withhelde0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content (LRWC), net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs)e2
- Direction
- decreasinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e2“this combined the decreasing in leaf relative water content (LRWC), net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll concentrations remained unchanged while net photosynthesis declined under withheld irrigation.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- irrigation was withhelde0
- Outcome
- concentrations of chlorophylls (Chl)e3
- Direction
- remained unchangede3
- Qualifier
- while Pn values were declininge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e3“the concentrations of chlorophylls (Chl) remained unchanged while Pn values were declining”
Claim · model-written summary
Photochemistry reactions were slightly down-regulated only under severe drought.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- severe droughte4
- Outcome
- Photochemistry reactionse4
- Direction
- down-regulatede4
- Qualifier
- slightlye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e4“Photochemistry reactions were slightly down-regulated only under severe drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubisco activity decreased significantly as drought conditions became more severe.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- drought conditions became more severee5
- Outcome
- Rubisco activitye5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e5“Rubisco activity was significantly decreased as drought conditions became more severe”
Claim · model-written summary
The actual efficiency of photosystem II (ϕPSII) was diminished as drought became more intense.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- drought became more intensee6
- Outcome
- actual efficiency of photosystem II (ϕPSII)e6
- Direction
- diminishede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e6“The actual efficiency of photosystem II (ϕPSII) was diminished as drought became more intense”
Claim · model-written summary
Xanthophyll-regulated dissipation of thermal energy was greatly enhanced under withheld irrigation.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- irrigation was withhelde0
- Outcome
- xanthophyll-regulated dissipation of thermal energye7
- Direction
- greatly enhancede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e7“Consequently, xanthophyll-regulated dissipation of thermal energy was greatly enhanced”
Claim · model-written summary
The ratio of ϕPSII to the quantum yield of carbon metabolism increased in parallel with drought severity.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie0
- Treatment
- drought severitye7
- Outcome
- the ratio of ϕPSII to the quantum yield of carbon metabolisme7
- Direction
- increasede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To understand how drought stress affects CO2 assimilation and energy partitioning in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), we investigated photosynthesis and photo-protective mechanisms when irrigation was withheld from potted Fuji trees”
e7“the ratio of ϕPSII to the quantum yield of carbon metabolism, which is measured under non-photorespiratory conditions, increased in parallel with drought severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Under progressive drought, the reduction in apple leaf photosynthesis is attributed mainly to stomatal limitation and reduced CO2 fixation capacity.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- progressive drought stresse1
- Outcome
- reduction in photosynthesise1
- Qualifier
- stomatal limitations and the inhibited capacity for CO2 fixatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Our results indicate that, under progressive drought stress, the reduction in photosynthesis in apple leaves can be attributed primarily to stomatal limitations and the inhibited capacity for CO2 fixation”
Claim · model-written summary
Xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal dissipation and the Mehler reaction are the main pathways for dispersing excess energy from apple leaves in drought.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- dispersing excess energy from apple leavese1
- Qualifier
- Xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal dissipation and the Mehler reactione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal dissipation and the Mehler reaction are the most important pathways for dispersing excess energy from apple leaves during periods of drought stress”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · molecular: metabolites · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.