Abstract
Abstract Increased cadmium (Cd) contamination of soils resulting from industrial activities is critical to crop production. The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata ). Despite substantial varietal differences, increased Cd levels reduced the shoot and root dry weight and the number and area of leaves at different growth stages. Applied Cd stress produced the foliar symptoms such as marginal and intervein chlorosis and scattered necrotic spots on younger leaves while accelerating the senescence of older leaves. Slope of regression equation and correlations of shoot Cd content with foliar Cd toxicity revealed that leaf chlorosis was more damaging than necrosis. At maturity, number of pods per plant and seeds per pod were maximally reduced to 37% and 26%, while 100‐seed weight, seed yield and harvest index showed 61%, 79% and 54% reduction, respectively, as a result of Cd toxicity. Results suggested that although varietal difference exists, the accumulated Cd is mainly toxic to the mesophyll tissue, most probably by interfering with the uptake of essential nutrients, thereby reducing growth and yield at various stages. Therefore, selection programmes based on foliar toxicity criteria may be beneficial for better utilisation of Cd‐polluted soils.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Increased Cd levels reduced shoot and root dry weight of mungbean.
- Taxon
- mungbean
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Vigna radiatae0 - Organ / stage
- shoot and roote1
- Treatment
- increased Cd levelse1
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e1“Despite substantial varietal differences, increased Cd levels reduced the shoot and root dry weight and the number and area of leaves at different growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased Cd levels reduced the number and area of mungbean leaves at different growth stages.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- increased Cd levelse1
- Outcome
- number and area of leavese1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- at different growth stagese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e1“Despite substantial varietal differences, increased Cd levels reduced the shoot and root dry weight and the number and area of leaves at different growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied Cd stress produced foliar chlorosis, necrosis and accelerated senescence in mungbean.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Organ / stage
- younger leavese2
- Treatment
- Applied Cd stresse2
- Outcome
- foliar symptomse2
- Qualifier
- marginal and intervein chlorosis and scattered necrotic spots on younger leavese2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e2“Applied Cd stress produced the foliar symptoms such as marginal and intervein chlorosis and scattered necrotic spots on younger leaves while accelerating the senescence of older leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf chlorosis was more damaging than necrosis in mungbean, based on the relation of shoot Cd content with foliar Cd toxicity.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- shoot Cd contente3
- Outcome
- leaf chlorosise3
- Direction
- more damaginge3
- Comparator
- necrosise3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e3“Slope of regression equation and correlations of shoot Cd content with foliar Cd toxicity revealed that leaf chlorosis was more damaging than necrosis”
Claim · model-written summary
Accumulated Cd is mainly toxic to the mesophyll tissue of mungbean, most probably by interfering with the uptake of essential nutrients.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Organ / stage
- mesophyll tissuee4
- Treatment
- accumulated Cde4
- Outcome
- growth and yielde4
- Qualifier
- the accumulated Cd is mainly toxic to the mesophyll tissue, most probably by interfering with the uptake of essential nutrientse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e4“Results suggested that although varietal difference exists, the accumulated Cd is mainly toxic to the mesophyll tissue, most probably by interfering with the uptake of essential nutrients, thereby reducing growth and yield at various stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd toxicity maximally reduced the number of pods per plant of mungbean to 37%.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- Cd toxicitye6
- Outcome
- number of pods per plante5
- Direction
- maximally reducede5
- Value
- 37%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e5“At maturity, number of pods per plant and seeds per pod were maximally reduced to 37% and 26%”
e6“as a result of Cd toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd toxicity maximally reduced the number of seeds per pod of mungbean to 26%.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- Cd toxicitye6
- Outcome
- seeds per pode5
- Direction
- maximally reducede5
- Value
- 26%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e5“At maturity, number of pods per plant and seeds per pod were maximally reduced to 37% and 26%”
e6“as a result of Cd toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd toxicity reduced 100-seed weight of mungbean by 61%.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- Cd toxicitye6
- Outcome
- 100‐seed weighte7
- Direction
- reductione7
- Value
- 61%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e6“as a result of Cd toxicity”
e7“100‐seed weight, seed yield and harvest index showed 61%, 79% and 54% reduction, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd toxicity reduced seed yield of mungbean by 79%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e6“as a result of Cd toxicity”
e7“100‐seed weight, seed yield and harvest index showed 61%, 79% and 54% reduction, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd toxicity reduced harvest index of mungbean by 54%.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- Cd toxicitye6
- Outcome
- harvest indexe7
- Direction
- reductione7
- Value
- 54%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e6“as a result of Cd toxicity”
e7“100‐seed weight, seed yield and harvest index showed 61%, 79% and 54% reduction, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Substantial varietal differences in mungbean were found for the response to Cd.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Outcome
- varietal differencese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e1“Despite substantial varietal differences”
Claim · model-written summary
Selection programmes based on foliar toxicity criteria may be beneficial for mungbean on Cd-polluted soils.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Outcome
- selection programmes based on foliar toxicity criteria may be beneficiale1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to find varietal differences for foliar chlorosis and necrosis, growth and Cd accumulation in mungbean ( Vigna radiata )”
e1“selection programmes based on foliar toxicity criteria may be beneficial”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.