Abstract
Many metabolic processes in plants are regulated by phosphorylation of proteins by kinases, but little is known of the roles that specific protein kinase play in the various signal transduction pathways or the mechanisms by which these kinases themselves are regulated. We report here the isolation of a gene, wpk4, encoding a putative protein kinase from wheat that appears to belong to the SNF1 kinase subfamily and that shows increased transcript levels in response to multiple stimuli: light, nutrient deprivation, and cytokinin application. Although wpk4 mRNA is undetectable in etiolated seedlings, it rapidly accumulates within 1 hr of illumination. General nutrient deprivation also increases wpk4 mRNA levels, but only under light conditions. In addition, of the various phytohormones tested, cytokinin (N6-benzylaminopurine) specifically increases wpk4 mRNA levels regardless of the light conditions, whereas in the presence of a cytokinin antagonist the level of wpk4 mRNA is not increased by either light or nutrient deprivation. These results suggest that the light and nutrient signals that induce wpk4 mRNA accumulation may be mediated through cytokinins and provide a strong basis for examining the coordinated regulation of protein phosphorylation by light, cytokinins, and nutritional cues in a single transduction pathway.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The wpk4 gene isolated from wheat encodes a putative protein kinase that appears to belong to the SNF1 kinase subfamily.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Gene
- wpk4e0
- Outcome
- appears to belong to the SNF1 kinase subfamilye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We report here the isolation of a gene, wpk4, encoding a putative protein kinase from wheat that appears to belong to the SNF1 kinase subfamily”
Claim · model-written summary
Light rapidly induced wpk4 mRNA accumulation within 1 hr in etiolated wheat seedlings, where wpk4 mRNA was undetectable.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- illuminatione1
- Outcome
- wpk4 mRNAe1
- Direction
- accumulatese1
- Comparator
- etiolated seedlingse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“encoding a putative protein kinase from wheat”
e1“Although wpk4 mRNA is undetectable in etiolated seedlings, it rapidly accumulates within 1 hr of illumination”
Claim · model-written summary
General nutrient deprivation increased wpk4 mRNA levels only under light conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- nutrient deprivatione2
- Outcome
- wpk4 mRNA levelse2
- Direction
- increasese2
- Qualifier
- only under light conditionse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“encoding a putative protein kinase from wheat”
e2“General nutrient deprivation also increases wpk4 mRNA levels, but only under light conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Among the phytohormones tested, cytokinin (N6-benzylaminopurine) specifically increased wpk4 mRNA levels regardless of light conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- cytokinin (N6-benzylaminopurine)e3
- Outcome
- wpk4 mRNA levelse3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Qualifier
- regardless of the light conditionse3
- Comparator
- the various phytohormones testede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“encoding a putative protein kinase from wheat”
e3“of the various phytohormones tested, cytokinin (N6-benzylaminopurine) specifically increases wpk4 mRNA levels regardless of the light conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
With a cytokinin antagonist present, light and nutrient deprivation did not increase wpk4 mRNA levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- a cytokinin antagoniste4
- Outcome
- level of wpk4 mRNAe4
- Direction
- not increasede4
- Qualifier
- by either light or nutrient deprivatione4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“encoding a putative protein kinase from wheat”
e4“in the presence of a cytokinin antagonist the level of wpk4 mRNA is not increased by either light or nutrient deprivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Light and nutrient signals that induce wpk4 mRNA accumulation may be mediated through cytokinins.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- light and nutrient signalse5
- Compound
- cytokininse5
- Outcome
- wpk4 mRNA accumulatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“encoding a putative protein kinase from wheat”
e5“These results suggest that the light and nutrient signals that induce wpk4 mRNA accumulation may be mediated through cytokinins”
The same questions in other papers
class · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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