Abstract
The role of blue light in plant growth and development was investigated in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv Williams) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench. cv Rio) grown under equal photosynthetic photon fluxes (approximately 500 micromoles per square meter per second) from broad spectrum daylight fluorescent or blue-deficient, narrow-band (589 nanometers) low pressure sodium (LPS) lamps. Between 14 and 18 days after sowing, it was possible to relate adaptations in photosynthesis and leaf growth to dry matter accumulation. Soybean development under LPS light was similar in several respects to that of shaded plants, consistent with an important role for blue light photoreceptors in regulation of growth response to irradiance. Thus, soybeans from LPS conditions partitioned relatively more growth to leaves and maintained higher average leaf area ratios (mean LAR) that compensated lower net assimilation rates (mean NAR). Relative growth rates were therefore comparable to plants from daylight fluorescent lamps. Reductions in mean NAR were matched by lower rates of net photosynthesis (A) on an area basis in the major photosynthetic source (first trifoliolate) leaf. Lower A in soybean resulted from reduced leaf dry matter per unit leaf area, but lower A under LPS conditions in sorghum correlated with leaf chlorosis and reduced total nitrogen (not observed in soybean). In spite of a lower A, mean NAR was larger in sorghum from LPS conditions, resulting in significantly greater relative growth rates (mean LAR was approximately equal for both light conditions). Leaf starch accumulation rate was higher for both species and starch content at the end of the dark period was elevated two- and three-fold for sorghum and soybean, respectively, under LPS conditions. Possible relations between starch accumulation, leaf export, and plant growth in response to spectral quality were considered.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean under LPS allocated relatively more growth to leaves and had higher leaf area ratios.
- Taxon
- soybeans
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- LPS conditionse0
- Outcome
- growth to leaves and maintained higher average leaf area ratios (mean LAR)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybeans from LPS conditions partitioned relatively more growth to leaves and maintained higher average leaf area ratios (mean LAR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean LPS light reduced mean net assimilation rates.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- blue-deficient light sourcest0
- Outcome
- net assimilation rates (mean NAR)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compensated lower net assimilation rates (mean NAR)”
t0“soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean relative growth rates were comparable between light sources.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- blue-deficient light sourcest0
- Outcome
- Relative growth ratese0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- daylight fluorescent lampse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative growth rates were therefore comparable to plants from daylight fluorescent lamps.”
t0“soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean LPS light lowered area based net photosynthesis in the first trifoliolate leaf.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- first trifoliolatee0
- Treatment
- blue-deficient light sourcest0
- Outcome
- net photosynthesis (A) on an area basise0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower rates of net photosynthesis (A) on an area basis in the major photosynthetic source (first trifoliolate) leaf”
t0“soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower soybean photosynthesis resulted from reduced leaf dry matter per unit area.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- Lower Ae0
- Qualifier
- reduced leaf dry matter per unit leaf areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower A in soybean resulted from reduced leaf dry matter per unit leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
In sorghum, lower photosynthesis under LPS correlated with chlorosis and reduced total nitrogen.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower A under LPS conditions in sorghum correlated with leaf chlorosis and reduced total nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum LPS plants had larger mean NAR.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mean NAR was larger in sorghum from LPS conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum LPS plants had significantly greater relative growth rates.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in significantly greater relative growth rates”
t0“soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum mean LAR was approximately equal between light conditions.
- Treatment
- blue-deficient light sourcest0
- Outcome
- mean LARe0
- Direction
- approximately equale0
- Comparator
- broad spectrumt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mean LAR was approximately equal for both light conditions”
t0“soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources”
Claim · model-written summary
LPS light increased leaf starch accumulation rate in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- blue-deficient light sourcest0
- Outcome
- Leaf starch accumulation ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf starch accumulation rate was higher for both species”
t0“soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources”
Claim · model-written summary
LPS light increased leaf starch accumulation rate in sorghum.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf starch accumulation rate was higher for both species”
t0“soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources”
Claim · model-written summary
LPS raised dark period end starch content two fold in sorghum.
- Treatment
- LPS conditionse0
- Outcome
- starch content at the end of the dark periode0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Value
- two-e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch content at the end of the dark period was elevated two- and three-fold for sorghum and soybean, respectively, under LPS conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
LPS raised dark period end starch content three fold in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- LPS conditionse0
- Outcome
- starch content at the end of the dark periode0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Value
- three-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch content at the end of the dark period was elevated two- and three-fold for sorghum and soybean, respectively, under LPS conditions”
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light · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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