Abstract
Population dynamics of weeds in successive maize and bean crops were evaluated in two soil management systems (conventional and no-tillage), for two maize applications (grain and silage), and in four consecutive growing seasons. Every year, conventional tillage consisted in plowing and harrowing before sowing. In no-tillage, chemical weed desiccation was made with the mixture glyphosate + 2.4-D. To control weeds, the mixture fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen was applied on the bean crop in all the planting seasons, and the herbicides nicosulfuron + atrazine on maize after crop emergence (1998--1999, 1999--2000, 2001--2002) and atrazine + metolachlor before emergence (2000--2001). Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) was the most important species under conventional soil tillage; while in no-tillage the dicotyledonous weed species (Amaranthus deflexus, Bidens pilosa, Euphorbia heterophylla, Galinsoga parviflora Ipomoea grandifolia) were the most relevant. Regardless of the maize use, the C. rotundus population and tuber bank, with prevailingly dormant tubers, was considerably reduced in no-tillage compared with the conventional system.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Purple nutsedge was the most important weed under conventional soil tillage.
- Taxon
- maize and beane1
- Interactor
- Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotunduse0weed - Outcome
- most important speciese0
- Setting
- conventional soil tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) was the most important species under conventional soil tillage”
e1“successive maize and bean crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicotyledonous weeds were most relevant under no-tillage in maize and bean crops.
- Taxon
- maize and beane1
- Interactor
- Amaranthus deflexus
_Amaranthus_deflexus_inflorescence.jpg?width=60)
Amaranthus deflexuse0weed - Outcome
- dicotyledonous weed speciese0
- Setting
- no-tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Amaranthus_deflexus_inflorescence.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“in no-tillage the dicotyledonous weed species (Amaranthus deflexus, Bidens pilosa, Euphorbia heterophylla, Galinsoga parviflora Ipomoea grandifolia) were the most relevant.”
e1“successive maize and bean crops”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage considerably reduced the C. rotundus population relative to conventional tillage, regardless of maize use.
- Taxon
- maize and beane1
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Interactor
- C. rotundusCyperus rotunduse0weed
- Outcome
- C. rotundus populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- conventional systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of the maize use, the C. rotundus population and tuber bank, with prevailingly dormant tubers, was considerably reduced in no-tillage compared with the conventional system.”
e1“successive maize and bean crops”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage considerably reduced the C. rotundus tuber bank relative to conventional tillage, regardless of maize use.
- Taxon
- maize and beane1
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Interactor
- C. rotundusCyperus rotunduse0weed
- Outcome
- C. rotundus population and tuber banke0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- with prevailingly dormant tuberse0
- Comparator
- conventional systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of the maize use, the C. rotundus population and tuber bank, with prevailingly dormant tubers, was considerably reduced in no-tillage compared with the conventional system.”
e1“successive maize and bean crops”