Abstract
ABSTRACT Four separate experiments were carried out in greenhouse conditions from spring of 2001 to summer of 2003. The aim of this research was to study the effect of factors such as leaf age, salt type and concentration, number of foliar applications, and the nutritional status on the efficiency of foliar applications of potassium (K) in olive plants. In all experiments, mist-rooted ‘Picual’ olive plants growing in 2 L pots containing perlite were fertigated with a complete nutrient solution containing 0.05 mM or 2.5 mM potassium chloride (KCl). In one experiment, plants received two foliar applications with five concentrations of KCl (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, or 8%) at 63 and 84 days after transplanting. Foliar KCl applications at 2% or 4% increased shoot lengths and the K content of plants fertigated with 0.05 mM KCl (poor K nourished), while foliar KCl application did not have any influence on the growth or K content of plants fertigated with 2.5 mM KCl (normal K nourished). When the number of foliar applications was increased, the results showed that two foliar applications were enough to increase leaf K concentration in olive plants above the sufficiency level. Leaf age could influence the efficiency of foliar K application. Leaf K concentration were higher in young leaves than in mature ones. All K-salts studied as foliar sprays [KCl, potassium sulfate (K2SO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)] were effective in increasing leaf K concentration. The results obtained in the present study indicate that foliar applications of K effectively increase K content in K-deficient olive plants, and that foliar applications might be more effective on young leaves. Two foliar applications of 4% KCl or the equivalent for other salts are enough to increase leaf K concentration.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar 2% or 4% KCl increased shoot length in poorly K nourished olive plants.
- Taxon
- olive plants
Olea europaeat0 - Treatment
- Foliar KCl applications at 2% or 4%e0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 0.05 mM KCl (poor K nourished)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar KCl applications at 2% or 4% increased shoot lengths and the K content of plants fertigated with 0.05 mM KCl (poor K nourished)”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar 2% or 4% KCl increased K content in poorly K nourished olive plants.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- Foliar KCl applications at 2% or 4%e0
- Outcome
- K contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 0.05 mM KCl (poor K nourished)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar KCl applications at 2% or 4% increased shoot lengths and the K content of plants fertigated with 0.05 mM KCl (poor K nourished)”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar KCl had no reported influence on growth or K content in normal K nourished olive plants.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- foliar KCl applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth or K contente0
- Direction
- did not have any influencee0
- Qualifier
- 2.5 mM KCl (normal K nourished)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar KCl application did not have any influence on the growth or K content of plants fertigated with 2.5 mM KCl (normal K nourished)”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Two foliar applications raised olive leaf K above the sufficiency level.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeae0
- Treatment
- two foliar applicationse0
- Outcome
- leaf K concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- above the sufficiency levele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two foliar applications were enough to increase leaf K concentration in olive plants above the sufficiency level”
Claim · model-written summary
Young olive leaves had higher K concentration than mature leaves.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Organ / stage
- young leavese0
- Outcome
- Leaf K concentratione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- mature onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf K concentration were higher in young leaves than in mature ones.”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar KCl increased olive leaf K concentration.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- KCle0
- Outcome
- leaf K concentratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All K-salts studied as foliar sprays [KCl, potassium sulfate (K2SO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)] were effective in increasing leaf K concentration.”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium sulfate increased olive leaf K concentration.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- potassium sulfate (K2SO4)e0
- Outcome
- leaf K concentratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All K-salts studied as foliar sprays [KCl, potassium sulfate (K2SO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)] were effective in increasing leaf K concentration.”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium nitrate increased olive leaf K concentration.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- potassium nitrate (KNO3)e0
- Outcome
- leaf K concentratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All K-salts studied as foliar sprays [KCl, potassium sulfate (K2SO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)] were effective in increasing leaf K concentration.”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium carbonate increased olive leaf K concentration.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- potassium carbonate (K2CO3)e0
- Outcome
- leaf K concentratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All K-salts studied as foliar sprays [KCl, potassium sulfate (K2SO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)] were effective in increasing leaf K concentration.”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium phosphate increased olive leaf K concentration.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)e0
- Outcome
- leaf K concentratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All K-salts studied as foliar sprays [KCl, potassium sulfate (K2SO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)] were effective in increasing leaf K concentration.”
t0“Olive Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend two applications of 4% KCl or equivalent salts to increase olive leaf K.
- Taxon
- olive plantsOlea europaeat0
- Outcome
- Two foliar applications of 4% KCl or the equivalent for other salts are enough to increase leaf K concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two foliar applications of 4% KCl or the equivalent for other salts are enough to increase leaf K concentration.”
t0“Olive Plants”
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See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.