Abstract
The rate of kernel dry weight accumulation and filling period duration of corn ( Zea mays L.) have been suggested as significant factors that influence yield potential. To determine the importance and usefulness of these kernel characteristics, environmental and genetic variations should be investigated. The objectives of this study were to measure the effects of plant density on the kernel growth components and observe the inheritance of these characteristics in the F 1 hybrids. Kernel dry weight accumulation rate and effective filling period duration (EFPD) were examined in three corn inbreds and their three F 1 hybrids at two plant densities. Kernel dry weight accumulation rate was not affected by plant density; however, EFPD was 2.5 days less at the high plant density. The resultant, smaller kernels along with a reduced number of kernels resulted in a 20% yield reduction per plant at the higher plant density. Yield per plant and per unit area in response to changes in plant density were altered more by kernel number per plant than by kernel size. A significant increase in kernel size contributed to the greater F 1 yields although the major advantage of the hybrids was due to more kernels per plant. In two of the three F 1 hybrids, the larger kernel size was due solely to longer EFPD's since the rate of dry weight accumulation of one of the parental inbreds was the same as that of the F 1 's. In the other F 2 hybrid, both rate and EFPD were greater in the F 1 genotype than for either parental inbred. These data show that EFPD but not the rate of kernel growth is influenced to a limited extent by plant density and both are under genetic control. Thus genetic modification of these kernel growth components should be feasible.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density did not affect kernel dry weight accumulation rate.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kernel dry weight accumulation rate was not affected by plant density”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective filling period duration was 2.5 days shorter at high density.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EFPD was 2.5 days less at the high plant density.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher density reduced per-plant yield by 20%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resultant, smaller kernels along with a reduced number of kernels resulted in a 20% yield reduction per plant at the higher plant density.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel number per plant influenced density-related yield changes more than kernel size.
- Treatment
- changes in plant densitye0
- Outcome
- Yield per plant and per unit areae0
- Qualifier
- more by kernel number per plante0
- Comparator
- kernel sizee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield per plant and per unit area in response to changes in plant density were altered more by kernel number per plant than by kernel size.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Significantly larger kernels contributed to higher F1 yields.
- Material
- F 1e0
- Organ / stage
- kernele0
- Outcome
- kernel sizee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- greater F 1 yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant increase in kernel size contributed to the greater F 1 yields”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The major F1 yield advantage came from more kernels per plant.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the major advantage of the hybrids was due to more kernels per plant.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
In two F1 hybrids, larger kernels resulted solely from longer effective filling periods.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In two of the three F 1 hybrids, the larger kernel size was due solely to longer EFPD's”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
In the remaining hybrid, accumulation rate and filling duration exceeded both parental inbreds.
- Material
- F 1 genotypee0
- Outcome
- both rate and EFPDe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- either parental inbrede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the other F 2 hybrid, both rate and EFPD were greater in the F 1 genotype than for either parental inbred.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer both kernel growth components are under genetic control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both are under genetic control.”
t0“Maize”
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