Paper · 2001 · Agronomy Journal

Tillage, Crop Sequence, and Cultivar Effects on Sclerotinia Stem Rot Incidence and Yield in Soybean

James E. Kurle; Craig R. Grau; Edward S. Oplinger; et al.

12
claims
24
verbatim quotes
105
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is an important soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] disease in the North Central States. The effect of tillage, crop sequence, and cultivar on SSR incidence and soybean yield was evaluated in a 3‐yr on‐farm study conducted at Janesville, Sharon, and Waunakee, WI. In the study, arranged in a split‐split‐split‐split plot design, main plots were tillage: moldboard (MB), chisel plow (CP), or no‐till (NT); subplots were 1995 crops: corn ( Zea mays L.), small grain, or soybean; sub‐subplots were 1996 crops: corn, small grain, or soybean cultivar. Sub‐sub‐subplots were soybean cultivars planted in 1997. In 1997, SSR incidence averaged >40% at Janesville and Waunakee, and <1% at Sharon; and was lowest in NT ( P < 0.001) or when the soybean cultivar S19–90 was planted ( P < 0.001). Planting corn or oat ( Avena sativa L.) the preceding year (1996) reduced SSR incidence in 1997 ( P < 0.001). Yield was highest in NT ( P < 0.001), in S19–90 ( P < 0.001), and following oat ( P < 0.001). Sclerotial density was affected by tillage ( P < 0.001). Apothecial numbers were greatest in MB and lowest in NT. Because brown stem rot, Phialophora gregata (Allington and Chamberlain) W. Gams, and SSR developed at Janesville, there was a simple linear relationship between yield and SSR incidence ( R 2 = 0.35, P < 0.01) only at Waunakee. Soybean yields were greatest when S19–90 was planted in NT following corn or oat.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 12

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Stem rot incidence exceeded 40% at Janesville and Waunakee and was below 1% at Sharon.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Outcome
SSR incidencee0
Value
>40%e0
Setting
Janesville and Waunakeee0

Not reportedInteractor

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“SSR incidence averaged >40% at Janesville and Waunakee, and <1% at Sharon”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–763 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Stem rot incidence at Sharon was below 1%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Outcome
SSR incidencee0
Value
<1%e0
Setting
Sharone0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“SSR incidence averaged >40% at Janesville and Waunakee, and <1% at Sharon”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–763 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

No-till had the lowest stem rot incidence.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
NTe0
Outcome
SSR incidencee0
Direction
loweste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“SSR incidence averaged >40% at Janesville and Waunakee, and <1% at Sharon; and was lowest in NT ( P < 0.001)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–798 · show in text ↑
e1

“no‐till (NT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 468–480 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cultivar S19–90 had the lowest stem rot incidence.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Material
S19–90e0
Treatment
S19–90e0
Outcome
SSR incidencee1
Direction
loweste1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“when the soybean cultivar S19–90 was planted ( P < 0.001)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 802–859 · show in text ↑
e1

“SSR incidence averaged >40% at Janesville and Waunakee, and <1% at Sharon; and was lowest”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–779 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Planting corn or oat in the preceding year reduced soybean stem rot incidence.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Planting corn or oat ( Avena sativa L.) the preceding year (1996)e0
Outcome
SSR incidencee0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Planting corn or oat ( Avena sativa L.) the preceding year (1996) reduced SSR incidence in 1997 ( P < 0.001).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 861–970 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean yield was highest under no-till.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
NTe0
Outcome
Yielde0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Yield was highest in NT ( P < 0.001)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 971–1007 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean cultivar S19–90 had the highest yield.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
S19–90e0
Treatment
S19–90e0
Outcome
Yielde0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Yield was highest in NT ( P < 0.001), in S19–90 ( P < 0.001)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 971–1031 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean yield was highest following oat.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
following oate0
Outcome
Yielde0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Yield was highest in NT ( P < 0.001), in S19–90 ( P < 0.001), and following oat ( P < 0.001)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 971–1063 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Tillage affected sclerotial density.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
tillagee0
Outcome
Sclerotial densitye0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Sclerotial density was affected by tillage ( P < 0.001)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1065–1120 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Apothecia were most numerous under moldboard tillage and least numerous under no-till.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
MBe0
Outcome
Apothecial numberse0
Direction
greateste0
Comparator
NTe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Apothecial numbers were greatest in MB and lowest in NT”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1122–1177 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield and stem rot incidence had a linear relationship only at Waunakee.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Outcome
yield and SSR incidencee0
Value
R 2 = 0.35e0
Setting
Waunakeee0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“there was a simple linear relationship between yield and SSR incidence ( R 2 = 0.35, P < 0.01) only at Waunakee”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1293–1404 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 92–99 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean yields were greatest when S19–90 was planted without tillage following corn or oat.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxe0
Material
S19–90e0
Treatment
S19–90 was planted in NT following corn or oate0
Outcome
Soybean yieldse0
Direction
greateste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Soybean yields were greatest when S19–90 was planted in NT following corn or oat.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1406–1487 · show in text ↑

Zea mays subsp. mays · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

70 papers: 48 positive, 22 negative or no effect

47 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

66 papers more in this group

See all 70 papers →

Avena sativa · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

Zea mays subsp. mays · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

tillage · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

16 papers: 6 positive, 10 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

tillage · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

390 papers: 264 positive, 126 negative or no effect

263 papers in the same direction as this paper · 100 in the opposite direction · 26 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

386 papers more in this group

See all 390 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.