Abstract
ABSTRACT The source of nitrogen (N) used in soil fertility practices affects plant growth, nutrient absorption, and the availability of nutrients. Consequently, the potential of plants to extract zinc (Zn) from soils may be increased by controlling the ratio of NH4 + to NO3 − to maximize growth and Zn accumulation. The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of Zn supply and different molar ratios of NH4 + to NO3 − on growth and Zn accumulation in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.). In a factorial experiment with solution culture, Indian mustard (accession 182921) was supplied with two concentrations of Zn (0.05 and 4.0 mg L−1) in combination with six N treatments with different molar percentage ratios of NH4 + to NO3 − (0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, and 50:50) for three weeks. Zinc supplied at 0.05 mg Zn L−1 represented a common concentration of Zn in solution culture, whereas 4.0 mg Zn L−1 was excessive for plant nutrition. If the supply of Zn in solution was excessive, plants developed symptoms of foliar chlorosis, which became severe if plants were supplied with 80% of N as NO3 −. Supplying high proportions of NO3 − in the nutrient medium stimulated Zn accumulation, whereas increasing proportions of NH4 + (up to 50% of the total N) enhanced shoot growth. The pH of nutrient solutions generally decreased with increasing proportion of NH4 + in solutions and with increased Zn supply. The Zn phytoextraction potential of Indian mustard was maximized, at about 15 mg Zn plant−1, if plants received 10% of the total N as NH4 + and 90% as NO3 −.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Excess zinc caused foliar chlorosis in Indian mustard.
- Taxon
- Indian mustard
Brassica junceae1 - Treatment
- supply of Zn in solution was excessivee0
- Outcome
- symptoms of foliar chlorosise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“If the supply of Zn in solution was excessive, plants developed symptoms of foliar chlorosis”
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar chlorosis was severe with 80% of nitrogen as nitrate.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae2
- Treatment
- 80% of N as NO3 −e0
- Outcome
- symptoms of foliar chlorosise1
- Direction
- severee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which became severe if plants were supplied with 80% of N as NO3 −”
e1“symptoms of foliar chlorosis”
e2“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrate proportions stimulated zinc accumulation.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- high proportions of NO3 −e0
- Outcome
- Zn accumulatione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplying high proportions of NO3 − in the nutrient medium stimulated Zn accumulation”
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ammonium proportions up to 50% of total nitrogen enhanced shoot growth.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- increasing proportions of NH4 + (up to 50% of the total N)e0
- Outcome
- shoot growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing proportions of NH4 + (up to 50% of the total N) enhanced shoot growth”
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Solution pH generally decreased as ammonium proportion increased.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- increasing proportion of NH4 +e0
- Outcome
- pH of nutrient solutionse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pH of nutrient solutions generally decreased with increasing proportion of NH4 + in solutions”
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Solution pH generally decreased as zinc supply increased.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- increased Zn supplye0
- Outcome
- pH of nutrient solutionse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pH of nutrient solutions generally decreased with increasing proportion of NH4 + in solutions and with increased Zn supply.”
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc phytoextraction was maximized at about 15 mg per plant with 10% ammonium and 90% nitrate nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Indian mustardBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- 10% of the total N as NH4 + and 90% as NO3 −e0
- Outcome
- Zn phytoextraction potentiale0
- Direction
- maximizede0
- Value
- about 15 mg Zn plant−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Zn phytoextraction potential of Indian mustard was maximized, at about 15 mg Zn plant−1, if plants received 10% of the total N as NH4 + and 90% as NO3 −.”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · physiology: pigments · Brassica juncea (Indian mustard)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.