Abstract
Glufosinate applied to glufosinate-resistant crops may drift and injure glufosinate-sensitive crops. A 2-yr field study examined glufosinate effects on plant injury, chlorophyll content, nodulation, nitrogenase activity, leaf nitrogen, yield, and seed composition in soybean. Glufosinate drift was simulated by application at 45 g/ha to glyphosate-resistant and conventional (glufosinate-sensitive) soybean at 3 weeks after planting (WAP). Glufosinate effects were also evaluated in glufosinate-resistant soybean at 450 g/ha applied twice at 3 and 6 WAP. In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected; seed nitrogen and protein were increased; seed oil content decreased. In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury and decreased 35-42% chlorophyll content within 3 d after treatment (DAT) but soybean completely recovered by 14 DAT. Glufosinate had no effect on plant biomass, nitrogenase activity, and root respiration in 2009 and inconsistent effects in 2010. In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate had no effect on yield; increased leaf nitrogen, seed protein, and oleic acid; decreased oil content, linoleic, and linolenic acid. Glufosinate-sensitive soybean exposed to glufosinate drift may exhibit transient injury but soybean could recover without a yield penalty. Glufosinate altered seed composition in all soybean types.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- glufosinate-resistant soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiratione0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-resistant soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- plant biomass, and yielde0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected; seed nitrogen and protein were increased
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-resistant soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- seed nitrogen and proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected; seed nitrogen and protein were increased”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected; seed nitrogen and protein were increased; seed oil content decreased
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-resistant soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- seed oil contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-resistant soybean, chlorophyll, nitrogenase activity, root respiration, plant biomass, and yield were not affected; seed nitrogen and protein were increased; seed oil content decreased”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-sensitive soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 28-32%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury and decreased 35-42% chlorophyll content
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-sensitive soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 35-42%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury and decreased 35-42% chlorophyll content”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
soybean completely recovered by 14 DAT
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- soybeane0
- Treatment
- glufosinatee1
- Outcome
- recoverede0
- Direction
- completely recoverede0
- Qualifier
- by 14 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean completely recovered by 14 DAT”
t0“Soybean”
e1“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate had no effect on plant biomass, nitrogenase activity, and root respiration in 2009
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-sensitive soybeane1
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- plant biomass, nitrogenase activity, and root respiratione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- in 2009e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glufosinate had no effect on plant biomass, nitrogenase activity, and root respiration in 2009”
t0“Soybean”
e1“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate had no effect on plant biomass, nitrogenase activity, and root respiration in 2009 and inconsistent effects in 2010
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-sensitive soybeane1
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- plant biomass, nitrogenase activity, and root respiratione0
- Direction
- inconsistent effectse0
- Qualifier
- in 2010e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glufosinate had no effect on plant biomass, nitrogenase activity, and root respiration in 2009 and inconsistent effects in 2010”
t0“Soybean”
e1“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate caused 28-32% injury”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate had no effect on yield
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-sensitive soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate had no effect on yield”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate had no effect on yield; increased leaf nitrogen, seed protein, and oleic acid
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-sensitive soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogen, seed protein, and oleic acide0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate had no effect on yield; increased leaf nitrogen, seed protein, and oleic acid”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate had no effect on yield; increased leaf nitrogen, seed protein, and oleic acid; decreased oil content, linoleic, and linolenic acid
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glufosinate-sensitive soybeane0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- oil content, linoleic, and linolenic acide0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In glufosinate-sensitive soybean, glufosinate had no effect on yield; increased leaf nitrogen, seed protein, and oleic acid; decreased oil content, linoleic, and linolenic acid”
t0“Soybean”
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