Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Crop yield and nutritional quality are significantly reduced when potassium (K) in soil is deficient. As a beneficial element for plants, silicon (Si) is effective in alleviating the toxic effects of mineral nutrients. However, the roles played by Si in mediating deficiency in essential mineral nutrients in general and K in particular have not been investigated. METHODS: To evaluate the role of Si in K deficiency-induced inhibition of growth of soybean (Glycine max) seedlings, the effects of K deficiency on shoot and root growth, hydrogen peroxide accumulation, K contents, lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in the absence and presence of 2 mM sodium silicate (Na(2)SiO(3)) were investigated. KEY RESULTS: Both shoot and root biomass of soybean seedlings were markedly reduced when grown in K-deficient medium (1 mM K) compared with those grown in K-sufficient medium (5 mM). Addition of Na(2)SiO(3) significantly ameliorated the K deficiency-induced reductions in shoot and root growth. Sodium silicate enhanced K concentrations in leaf, stem and root of K-deficient seedlings by 105.4, 83.4 and 58.8 %, respectively. Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in soybean seedlings were increased by 25 and 97 %, respectively, when exposed to K-deficient medium. These increases in accumulation of H(2)O(2) and MDA were removed by addition of Na(2)SiO(3). Addition of Na(2)SiO(3) reduced the K deficiency-induced increases in activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase. CONCLUSIONS: Application of Si to soybean seedlings grown in K-deficient medium markedly enhanced K use efficiency. Therefore, Si not only increases tolerance to nutrient toxicity, but also ameliorates symptoms associated with deficiency in essential nutrients in plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency markedly reduced shoot and root biomass relative to potassium sufficient medium.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- K-deficient medium (1 mM K)e0
- Outcome
- shoot and root biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- K-sufficient medium (5 mM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both shoot and root biomass of soybean seedlings were markedly reduced when grown in K-deficient medium (1 mM K) compared with those grown in K-sufficient medium (5 mM).”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium silicate significantly ameliorated the potassium deficiency related reductions in shoot and root growth.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Na(2)SiO(3)e0
- Outcome
- shoot and root growthe0
- Direction
- amelioratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of Na(2)SiO(3) significantly ameliorated the K deficiency-induced reductions in shoot and root growth.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium silicate increased potassium concentration in leaf of potassium deficient seedlings by 105.4.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- Sodium silicatee0
- Outcome
- K concentrationse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 105.4e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium silicate enhanced K concentrations in leaf, stem and root of K-deficient seedlings by 105.4, 83.4 and 58.8 %, respectively.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium silicate increased potassium concentration in stem of potassium deficient seedlings by 83.4.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- steme0
- Treatment
- Sodium silicatee0
- Outcome
- K concentrationse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 83.4e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium silicate enhanced K concentrations in leaf, stem and root of K-deficient seedlings by 105.4, 83.4 and 58.8 %, respectively.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium silicate increased potassium concentration in root of potassium deficient seedlings by 58.8 %.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- Sodium silicatee0
- Outcome
- K concentrationse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 58.8 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium silicate enhanced K concentrations in leaf, stem and root of K-deficient seedlings by 105.4, 83.4 and 58.8 %, respectively.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficient medium increased seedling hydrogen peroxide content by 25%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- K-deficient mediume0
- Outcome
- Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 25e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in soybean seedlings were increased by 25 and 97 %, respectively, when exposed to K-deficient medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficient medium increased seedling malondialdehyde content by 97%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- K-deficient mediume0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 97 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in soybean seedlings were increased by 25 and 97 %, respectively, when exposed to K-deficient medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium silicate removed the potassium deficiency related increases in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Na(2)SiO(3)e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of H(2)O(2) and MDAe0
- Direction
- removede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These increases in accumulation of H(2)O(2) and MDA were removed by addition of Na(2)SiO(3).”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium silicate reduced the potassium deficiency related increases in superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Na(2)SiO(3)e0
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidasee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of Na(2)SiO(3) reduced the K deficiency-induced increases in activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon markedly enhanced potassium use efficiency in potassium deficient soybean seedlings.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- K use efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of Si to soybean seedlings grown in K-deficient medium markedly enhanced K use efficiency.”
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See all 53 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.