Abstract
Polyribosomes as large as 10-mers (strands of messenger RNA bearing 10 ribosomes) were isolated from etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) stem tissue during all stages of development when methods were used which essentially eliminated ribonuclease activity during extraction. Actively growing tissue, harvested from the apical 10 mm, yielded many large polyribosomes and a low (<20%) proportion of monosomes. Similar tissue, allowed to age by applying lanolin to decapitated apices, showed a progressive decrease in number of larger polyribosomes and an increase in the proportion of monosomes. Hormone treatments, which prolonged growth and delayed aging, delayed the loss in large polyribosomes and the increase in proportion of monosomes. Growth-stimulating hormones, added to previously aged tissue, stimulated the production of many large polyribosomes in pre-existing cells.It is suggested that (a) large polyribosomes occur in all regions of the pea stem, (b) changes in polyribosome distribution appear to precede changes in growth rate, (c) loss of larger polyribosomes is closely related to a decrease in mRNA templates followed more gradually by loss of ribosomes, (d) hormone-stimulated continuation of growth is accomplished through maintenance of available mRNA.Methods are described, involving detailed analysis of polysome distribution, which, although they cannot be used to measure changes in initiation of ribosomes on to mRNA, do permit measurement of the amount of polysomal-associated mRNA present in tissues at different stages of growth. These analyses lead to the further suggestion that hormone stimulation of growth of previously nongrowing tissue is accomplished primarily through an increase in available mRNA prior to synthesis of ribosomes.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Polyribosomes up to 10-mers were isolated from pea stems at all developmental stages.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Material
- Pisum sativum L. var. Alaskae0
- Organ / stage
- stem tissuee0
- Outcome
- Polyribosomes as large as 10-merse0
- Value
- 10-merse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polyribosomes as large as 10-mers (strands of messenger RNA bearing 10 ribosomes) were isolated from etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) stem tissue during all stages of development”
Claim · model-written summary
Actively growing apical stem tissue had many large polyribosomes.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- apical 10 mme0
- Outcome
- many large polyribosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Actively growing tissue, harvested from the apical 10 mm, yielded many large polyribosomes and a low (<20%) proportion of monosomes.”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Actively growing apical tissue had less than 20% monosomes.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- apical 10 mme0
- Outcome
- proportion of monosomese0
- Value
- <20%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Actively growing tissue, harvested from the apical 10 mm, yielded many large polyribosomes and a low (<20%) proportion of monosomes.”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Aging pea stem tissue showed progressively fewer large polyribosomes.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- applying lanolin to decapitated apicese0
- Outcome
- number of larger polyribosomese0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- Similar tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar tissue, allowed to age by applying lanolin to decapitated apices, showed a progressive decrease in number of larger polyribosomes and an increase in the proportion of monosomes.”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Aging pea stem tissue showed progressively more monosomes.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- applying lanolin to decapitated apicese0
- Outcome
- proportion of monosomese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- Similar tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar tissue, allowed to age by applying lanolin to decapitated apices, showed a progressive decrease in number of larger polyribosomes and an increase in the proportion of monosomes.”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth-prolonging hormones delayed loss of large polyribosomes.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Hormone treatmentse0
- Outcome
- loss in large polyribosomese0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hormone treatments, which prolonged growth and delayed aging, delayed the loss in large polyribosomes and the increase in proportion of monosomes.”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth-prolonging hormones delayed the rise in monosome proportion.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Hormone treatmentse0
- Outcome
- increase in proportion of monosomese0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hormone treatments, which prolonged growth and delayed aging, delayed the loss in large polyribosomes and the increase in proportion of monosomes.”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormones added to aged tissue stimulated large polyribosome production in existing cells.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Growth-stimulating hormonese0
- Outcome
- production of many large polyribosomese0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth-stimulating hormones, added to previously aged tissue, stimulated the production of many large polyribosomes in pre-existing cells.”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer large polyribosomes occur throughout pea stems.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- large polyribosomes occur in all regions of the pea steme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“large polyribosomes occur in all regions of the pea stem”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyribosome distribution changes appear to precede growth-rate changes.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- polyribosome distributione0
- Outcome
- changes in growth ratee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“changes in polyribosome distribution appear to precede changes in growth rate”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of large polyribosomes is linked to declining mRNA templates, followed by ribosome loss.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- loss of larger polyribosomese0
- Qualifier
- decrease in mRNA templates followed more gradually by loss of ribosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“loss of larger polyribosomes is closely related to a decrease in mRNA templates followed more gradually by loss of ribosomes”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attribute hormone-maintained growth to maintenance of available mRNA.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- continuation of growthe0
- Qualifier
- maintenance of available mRNAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hormone-stimulated continuation of growth is accomplished through maintenance of available mRNA”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Polysome-distribution analysis permits measurement of polysome-associated mRNA across growth stages.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- measurement of the amount of polysomal-associated mRNAe0
- Comparator
- different stages of growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“permit measurement of the amount of polysomal-associated mRNA present in tissues at different stages of growth”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
The method cannot measure changes in initiation of ribosomes onto mRNA.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- measure changes in initiation of ribosomes on to mRNAe0
- Value
- changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they cannot be used to measure changes in initiation of ribosomes on to mRNA”
t0“Peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone stimulation of nongrowing tissue is proposed to work mainly through increased available mRNA before ribosome synthesis.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- growth of previously nongrowing tissuee0
- Qualifier
- increase in available mRNA prior to synthesis of ribosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hormone stimulation of growth of previously nongrowing tissue is accomplished primarily through an increase in available mRNA prior to synthesis of ribosomes”
t0“Peas”
The same questions in other papers
class · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.