Abstract
Wet-seeded rice is a common method of sowing in Vietnam. Weeds, including weedy rice, however, are a major problem in this establishment method. A study was conducted in a farmer’s field to evaluate the effect of pretilachlor dose (0, 300, 600, and 900 g ai ha–1) on the management of weedy rice and other weeds in wet-seeded rice cultivation in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons of 2012-13. The herbicide was applied 1 day after sowing. Weeds belonging to the grass, broadleaf, and sedge groups were effectively controlled by the lowest herbicide dose (300 g ha–1). Overall, weed control did not increase with increases in herbicide dose after 300 g ha–1, suggesting the optimum dose for pretilachlor in wet-seeded systems. The application of pretilachlor at 300 g ha–1 significantly reduced the number of weedy rice panicles (20 – 69%) and weedy rice biomass (15 – 26%). The highest pretilachlor dose (i.e., 900 g ha–1), however, was better than the lower doses in reducing the number of weedy rice panicles (47 – 80%) and weedy rice biomass (41 – 54%). The non-treated plots produced a rice grain yield of 210, 2000, and 1850 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively. Compared with the non-treated plots, the lowest dose of pretilachlor improved grain yield. However, maximum yield was obtained by applying the highest dose of pretilachlor; 2690, 4490, and 5150 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively. The results of our study suggest that a broad spectrum of weed flora can be easily managed by a lower dosage of pretilachlor in wet-seeded rice; however, the herbicide dose needs to be increased to 900 g ha–1 in order to decrease the weedy rice problem.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest pretilachlor dose controlled grass, broadleaf and sedge weeds.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- lowest herbicide dose (300 g ha–1)e0
- Interactor
- Weedse0weed
- Outcome
- Weeds belonging to the grass, broadleaf, and sedge groupse0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weeds belonging to the grass, broadleaf, and sedge groups were effectively controlled by the lowest herbicide dose (300 g ha–1)”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control did not improve above 300 g ha–1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increases in herbicide dose after 300 g ha–1e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed control did not increase with increases in herbicide dose after 300 g ha–1”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor at 300 g ha–1 reduced weedy rice panicle number by 20 – 69%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pretilachlor at 300 g ha–1e0
- Interactor
- weedy ricee0weed
- Outcome
- number of weedy rice paniclese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 20 – 69%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of pretilachlor at 300 g ha–1 significantly reduced the number of weedy rice panicles (20 – 69%) and weedy rice biomass (15 – 26%)”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor at 300 g ha–1 reduced weedy rice biomass by 15 – 26%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pretilachlor at 300 g ha–1e0
- Interactor
- weedy ricee0weed
- Outcome
- weedy rice biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 15 – 26%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of pretilachlor at 300 g ha–1 significantly reduced the number of weedy rice panicles (20 – 69%) and weedy rice biomass (15 – 26%)”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The 900 g ha–1 dose reduced weedy rice panicles by 47 – 80%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- highest pretilachlor dose (i.e., 900 g ha–1)e0
- Interactor
- weedy ricee0weed
- Outcome
- number of weedy rice paniclese0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 47 – 80%e0
- Comparator
- lower dosese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pretilachlor dose (i.e., 900 g ha–1), however, was better than the lower doses in reducing the number of weedy rice panicles (47 – 80%) and weedy rice biomass (41 – 54%)”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The 900 g ha–1 dose reduced weedy rice biomass by 41 – 54%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- highest pretilachlor dose (i.e., 900 g ha–1)e0
- Interactor
- weedy ricee0weed
- Outcome
- weedy rice biomasse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 41 – 54%e0
- Comparator
- lower dosese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pretilachlor dose (i.e., 900 g ha–1), however, was better than the lower doses in reducing the number of weedy rice panicles (47 – 80%) and weedy rice biomass (41 – 54%)”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated rice yielded 210 kg ha–1 in spring-summer.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- rice grain yielde0
- Value
- 210e0
- Setting
- spring-summere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The non-treated plots produced a rice grain yield of 210, 2000, and 1850 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated rice yielded 2000 kg ha–1 in summer-autumn.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- rice grain yielde0
- Value
- 2000e0
- Setting
- summer-autumne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The non-treated plots produced a rice grain yield of 210, 2000, and 1850 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated rice yielded 1850 kg ha–1 in winter-spring.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- rice grain yielde0
- Value
- 1850 kg ha–1e0
- Setting
- winter-springe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The non-treated plots produced a rice grain yield of 210, 2000, and 1850 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest pretilachlor dose improved rice grain yield relative to untreated plots.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- lowest dose of pretilachlore0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- non-treated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the non-treated plots, the lowest dose of pretilachlor improved grain yield”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest dose gave maximum spring-summer yield of 2690 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- highest dose of pretilachlore0
- Outcome
- maximum yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 2690e0
- Setting
- spring-summere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum yield was obtained by applying the highest dose of pretilachlor; 2690, 4490, and 5150 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest dose gave maximum summer-autumn yield of 4490 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- highest dose of pretilachlore0
- Outcome
- maximum yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4490e0
- Setting
- summer-autumne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum yield was obtained by applying the highest dose of pretilachlor; 2690, 4490, and 5150 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest dose gave maximum winter-spring yield of 5150 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- highest dose of pretilachlore0
- Outcome
- maximum yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 5150 kg ha–1e0
- Setting
- winter-springe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum yield was obtained by applying the highest dose of pretilachlor; 2690, 4490, and 5150 kg ha–1 in the spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring seasons, respectively”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest a low pretilachlor dose for broad weed control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- weed florae0weed
- Outcome
- a broad spectrum of weed flora can be easily managed by a lower dosage of pretilachlore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a broad spectrum of weed flora can be easily managed by a lower dosage of pretilachlor in wet-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 900 g ha–1 to decrease weedy rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- weedy ricee0weed
- Outcome
- herbicide dose needs to be increased to 900 g ha–1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the herbicide dose needs to be increased to 900 g ha–1 in order to decrease the weedy rice problem”
t0“Rice Cultivation”
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See all 603 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.