Abstract
Abstract Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae were treated in the laboratory with extracts and oil from seed kernels of the neem tree ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss.). Beetles exhibited a decreased feeding rate and reduction of fecundity and vitality. Morphogenetic defects were observed in the F1 progeny of treated females. The number of egg masses produced by females which fed on neem‐treated potato leaves were smaller. Partly the eggs showed chorion defects and dried up or were affected by fungi. Trials in small scale field plots confirmed the reduction of fecundity in treated beetles. The number of adults in the F1 progeny was reduced to 1 percent of the control group. Larvae showed a highly increased mortality when treated directly with neem oil in the laboratory or fed on oil treated foliage. This result was confirmed in small plot field trials especially when AZT‐extract and AZT‐extract + neem oil were used. These neem products were highly efficient against all instars of CPB. Zusammenfassung Zum Einfluß von Niemprodukten auf Fitneß und Mortalität des Kartoffelkäfers, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Col., Chrysomelidae) Imagines und Larven des Kartoffelkäfers Leptinotarsa decemlineata wurden in Labor‐ und Freilandversuchen mit Extrakten und Öl aus Samen des Niembaumes ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) behandelt. In Laborversuchen wurden bei den Adulten eine verminderte Futteraufnahme, Verlust der Flugfähigkeit und speziell bei den Weibchen eine reduzierte Fekundität festgestellt. Die behandelten Versuchstiere legten weniger und kleinere Eigelege ab. Teilweise war das Chorion der Eier geschädigt, die dann vertrockneten oder Pilzbefall aufwiesen. In der F1‐Generation behandelter Weibchen wurden morphogenetische Schäden beobachtet. Parzellenversuche bestätigten eine stark verminderte Fekundität. Die Anzahl adulter Nachkommen in der F1‐Generation wurde auf 1% der Kontrollgruppe reduziert. Larven, die im Labor mit Niemöl behandelt wurden, zeigten eine stark erhöhte Mortalität. Diese Wirkung konnte in Parzellenversuchen vor allem bei der Verwendung von AZT‐Extrakt und AZT‐Extrakt + Niemöl bestätigt werden, die gegen alle Larvenstadien hochwirksam waren.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Neem products decreased Colorado potato beetle feeding.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume2 - Treatment
- extracts and oil from seed kernels of the neem treee1
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetle
Leptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest - Outcome
- feeding ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beetles exhibited a decreased feeding rate and reduction of fecundity and vitality”
e1“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae were treated in the laboratory with extracts and oil from seed kernels of the neem tree ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss.)”
e2“neem‐treated potato leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem products reduced beetle fecundity and vitality.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- extracts and oil from seed kernels of the neem treee1
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest
- Outcome
- fecundity and vitalitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beetles exhibited a decreased feeding rate and reduction of fecundity and vitality”
e1“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae were treated in the laboratory with extracts and oil from seed kernels of the neem tree ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss.)”
e2“neem‐treated potato leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Morphogenetic defects occurred in F1 progeny of treated females.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae2pest
- Outcome
- Morphogenetic defectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Morphogenetic defects were observed in the F1 progeny of treated females”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
e2“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Females fed neem treated potato leaves produced fewer egg masses.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- neem‐treated potato leavese0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest
- Outcome
- number of egg massese0
- Direction
- smallere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of egg masses produced by females which fed on neem‐treated potato leaves were smaller”
e1“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Some eggs had chorion defects and dried up or were affected by fungi.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae2pest
- Outcome
- eggs showed chorion defects and dried up or were affected by fungie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Partly the eggs showed chorion defects and dried up or were affected by fungi”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
e2“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Small field plots confirmed reduced fecundity in treated beetles.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- treated beetlese0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae2pest
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Setting
- small scale field plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trials in small scale field plots confirmed the reduction of fecundity in treated beetles”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
e2“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Adults in the F1 progeny fell to 1 percent of the control group.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- neem‐treated potato leavese1
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae2pest
- Outcome
- number of adults in the F1 progenye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 1 percente0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of adults in the F1 progeny was reduced to 1 percent of the control group”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
e2“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil treatment increased larval mortality in the laboratory.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- treated directly with neem oile0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae2pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- laboratorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larvae showed a highly increased mortality when treated directly with neem oil in the laboratory or fed on oil treated foliage”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
e2“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil treated foliage increased larval mortality.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- oil treated foliagee0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae2pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larvae showed a highly increased mortality when treated directly with neem oil in the laboratory or fed on oil treated foliage”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
e2“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Small plot trials confirmed efficacy of AZT extract against beetle larvae.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- AZT‐extracte0
- Interactor
- CPBe0pest
- Outcome
- highly efficient against all instars of CPBe0
- Setting
- small plot field trialse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This result was confirmed in small plot field trials especially when AZT‐extract and AZT‐extract + neem oil were used. These neem products were highly efficient against all instars of CPB”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
e2“Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adults and larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Small plot trials confirmed efficacy of AZT extract plus neem oil against beetle larvae.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- AZT‐extract + neem oile0
- Interactor
- CPBe0pest
- Outcome
- highly efficient against all instars of CPBe0
- Setting
- small plot field trialse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This result was confirmed in small plot field trials especially when AZT‐extract and AZT‐extract + neem oil were used. These neem products were highly efficient against all instars of CPB”
e1“neem‐treated potato leaves”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.