Abstract
The specificity of the Pseudomonas phaseolicola toxin for enzyme inhibition and its relationship to toxin-induced chlorosis in bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was examined. The toxin showed no significant inhibitory activity against glutamine synthetase, glutamine transferase, carbamyl phosphate synthetase, aspartate carbamoyltransferase, or arginase at concentrations 100-fold higher than that needed to inhibit ornithine carbamoyltransferase by 50%.Protection from and reversal of toxin-induced chlorosis in bean leaves was attempted with several amino acids. Aside from protection with l-citrulline which was previously reported, only l-arginine-HCl and to a minor extent l-leucine and l-glutamine showed protection from chlorosis. l-Citrulline and l-arginine-HCl (but not l-glutamine and l-leucine) also reversed toxin-induced chlorosis.Ultrastructurally, cells from toxin-treated chlorotic tissues showed no observable changes as compared to nontreated tissues. This, together with the ability of the two amino acids to reverse chlorosis, indicated that the toxin causes a reversible biochemical lesion in treated tissue.While tissues from bean plants inoculated with P. phaseolicola showed a large accumulation of ornithine, toxin-treated tissues showed no accumulation of ornithine. The latter finding indicated that in addition to the ornithine carbamoyltransferase inhibitor, the pathogen may produce inhibitors of other ornithine metabolizing enzymes in inoculated tissues.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
The toxin did not significantly inhibit five tested enzymes even at high concentrations.
- Taxon
- beane1
- Treatment
- toxine0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas phaseolicolat1pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitory activity against glutamine synthetase, glutamine transferase, carbamyl phosphate synthetase, aspartate carbamoyltransferase, or arginasee0
- Direction
- no significant inhibitory activitye0
- Qualifier
- 100-fold highere0
- Comparator
- ornithine carbamoyltransferasee0
Verbatim
e0“The toxin showed no significant inhibitory activity against glutamine synthetase, glutamine transferase, carbamyl phosphate synthetase, aspartate carbamoyltransferase, or arginase at concentrations 100-fold higher than that needed to inhibit ornithine carbamoyltransferase by 50%.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
t1“Mode of Action of the Toxin from Pseudomonas phaseolicola”
Claim · model-written summary
The toxin inhibited ornithine carbamoyltransferase by 50% at the reference concentration.
- Taxon
- beane1
- Treatment
- toxint0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas phaseolicolat0pathogen
- Outcome
- ornithine carbamoyltransferasee0
- Direction
- inhibite0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“needed to inhibit ornithine carbamoyltransferase by 50%”
t0“Mode of Action of the Toxin from Pseudomonas phaseolicola”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
l-arginine-HCl protected bean leaves against toxin-induced chlorosis.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“only l-arginine-HCl and to a minor extent l-leucine and l-glutamine showed protection from chlorosis.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
l-leucine gave minor protection from chlorosis.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“only l-arginine-HCl and to a minor extent l-leucine and l-glutamine showed protection from chlorosis.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
l-glutamine gave minor protection from chlorosis.
- Taxon
- beane1
- Treatment
- l-glutaminee0
- Outcome
- chlorosise0
- Direction
- protectione0
- Qualifier
- to a minor extente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“only l-arginine-HCl and to a minor extent l-leucine and l-glutamine showed protection from chlorosis.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
l-Citrulline reversed toxin-induced chlorosis.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“l-Citrulline and l-arginine-HCl (but not l-glutamine and l-leucine) also reversed toxin-induced chlorosis.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
l-arginine-HCl reversed toxin-induced chlorosis.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“l-Citrulline and l-arginine-HCl (but not l-glutamine and l-leucine) also reversed toxin-induced chlorosis.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
l-glutamine did not reverse toxin-induced chlorosis.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“l-Citrulline and l-arginine-HCl (but not l-glutamine and l-leucine) also reversed toxin-induced chlorosis.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
l-leucine did not reverse toxin-induced chlorosis.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“l-Citrulline and l-arginine-HCl (but not l-glutamine and l-leucine) also reversed toxin-induced chlorosis.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxin-treated chlorotic cells showed no observable ultrastructural change.
Verbatim
e0“cells from toxin-treated chlorotic tissues showed no observable changes as compared to nontreated tissues.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The toxin was interpreted to cause a reversible biochemical lesion in bean tissue.
Verbatim
e0“the toxin causes a reversible biochemical lesion in treated tissue.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean tissue inoculated with P. phaseolicola accumulated ornithine.
- Taxon
- beane1
- Treatment
- inoculated with P. phaseolicolae0
- Interactor
- P. phaseolicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- accumulation of ornithinee0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“tissues from bean plants inoculated with P. phaseolicola showed a large accumulation of ornithine”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxin-treated bean tissue showed no ornithine accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“toxin-treated tissues showed no accumulation of ornithine.”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The pathogen may produce inhibitors of additional ornithine-metabolizing enzymes.
Verbatim
e0“the pathogen may produce inhibitors of other ornithine metabolizing enzymes in inoculated tissues.”
t0“Mode of Action of the Toxin from Pseudomonas phaseolicola”
e1“bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · molecular: metabolites · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →pathogen product · molecular: metabolites · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.