Abstract
The ellagic acid, total phenolic, and vitamin C contents in four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits at -20 degrees C for a one year period. Ellagic acid [207-244 mg kg(-)(1) of fresh weight (fw)], total phenolic (137-1776 mg kg(-)(1) of fw), and vitamin C (221-312 mg kg(-)(1) of fw) contents in raw material were higher in the late cultivars Zeva and Rubi than in the early cultivars Autumn Bliss and Heritage. The freezing process slightly affected the values of extracted ellagic acid, total phenolic, and vitamin C content. At the end of long-term frozen storage (12 months), no significant change of total phenolic content extracted was observed, but significant decreases of 14-21% in ellagic acid and of 33-55% in vitamin C were quantified. Free radical scavenging capacity measured as antiradical efficiency (AE) depends on the seasonal period of harvest. Late cultivars, Rubi (6.1 x 10(-)(4)) and Zeva (10.17 x 10(-)(4)), showed higher AE than early cultivars, Heritage (4.02 x 10(-)(4)) and Autumn Bliss (4.36 x 10(-)(4)). The freezing process produced a decrease of AE values in the four cultivars ranging between 4 and 26%. During the frozen storage, the AE values reached after the freezing process remained unchanged.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Raw Zeva and Rubi fruit had higher ellagic acid content than early Autumn Bliss and Heritage cultivars.
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e1“Ellagic acid [207-244 mg kg(-)(1) of fresh weight (fw)], total phenolic (137-1776 mg kg(-)(1) of fw), and vitamin C (221-312 mg kg(-)(1) of fw) contents in raw material were higher in the late cultivars Zeva and Rubi than in the early cultivars Autumn Bliss and Heritage”
Claim · model-written summary
Raw Zeva and Rubi fruit had higher total phenolic content than early Autumn Bliss and Heritage cultivars.
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e1“Ellagic acid [207-244 mg kg(-)(1) of fresh weight (fw)], total phenolic (137-1776 mg kg(-)(1) of fw), and vitamin C (221-312 mg kg(-)(1) of fw) contents in raw material were higher in the late cultivars Zeva and Rubi than in the early cultivars Autumn Bliss and Heritage”
Claim · model-written summary
Raw Zeva and Rubi fruit had higher vitamin C content than early Autumn Bliss and Heritage cultivars.
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e1“Ellagic acid [207-244 mg kg(-)(1) of fresh weight (fw)], total phenolic (137-1776 mg kg(-)(1) of fw), and vitamin C (221-312 mg kg(-)(1) of fw) contents in raw material were higher in the late cultivars Zeva and Rubi than in the early cultivars Autumn Bliss and Heritage”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubi fruit showed higher antiradical efficiency than early cultivars Heritage and Autumn Bliss.
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e2“Late cultivars, Rubi (6.1 x 10(-)(4)) and Zeva (10.17 x 10(-)(4)), showed higher AE than early cultivars, Heritage (4.02 x 10(-)(4)) and Autumn Bliss (4.36 x 10(-)(4))”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeva fruit showed higher antiradical efficiency than early cultivars Heritage and Autumn Bliss.
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e2“Late cultivars, Rubi (6.1 x 10(-)(4)) and Zeva (10.17 x 10(-)(4)), showed higher AE than early cultivars, Heritage (4.02 x 10(-)(4)) and Autumn Bliss (4.36 x 10(-)(4))”
Claim · model-written summary
Antiradical efficiency depends on the seasonal period of harvest in raspberry fruit.
- Taxon
- raspberrye0
- Treatment
- seasonal period of harveste3
- Outcome
- antiradical efficiency (AE)e3
- Setting
- Spaine0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e3“Free radical scavenging capacity measured as antiradical efficiency (AE) depends on the seasonal period of harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
The freezing process slightly affected extracted ellagic acid, total phenolic and vitamin C content compared with fresh fruit.
- Taxon
- raspberrye0
- Material
- Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zevae0
- Treatment
- freezing processe4
- Outcome
- extracted ellagic acid, total phenolic, and vitamin C contente4
- Comparator
- freshe0
- Setting
- Spaine0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e4“The freezing process slightly affected the values of extracted ellagic acid, total phenolic, and vitamin C content”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenolic content extracted showed no significant change after 12 months of frozen storage.
- Taxon
- raspberrye0
- Material
- Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zevae0
- Treatment
- long-term frozen storage (12 months)e5
- Outcome
- total phenolic content extractede5
- Direction
- no significant changee5
- Setting
- Spaine0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e5“At the end of long-term frozen storage (12 months), no significant change of total phenolic content extracted was observed, but significant decreases of 14-21% in ellagic acid and of 33-55% in vitamin C were quantified”
Claim · model-written summary
Ellagic acid decreased by 14-21% after 12 months of frozen storage.
- Taxon
- raspberrye0
- Material
- Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zevae0
- Treatment
- long-term frozen storage (12 months)e5
- Outcome
- ellagic acide5
- Direction
- decreasese5
- Value
- 14-21%e5
- Setting
- Spaine0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e5“At the end of long-term frozen storage (12 months), no significant change of total phenolic content extracted was observed, but significant decreases of 14-21% in ellagic acid and of 33-55% in vitamin C were quantified”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitamin C decreased by 33-55% after 12 months of frozen storage.
- Taxon
- raspberrye0
- Material
- Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zevae0
- Treatment
- long-term frozen storage (12 months)e5
- Outcome
- vitamin Ce5
- Direction
- decreasese5
- Value
- 33-55%e5
- Setting
- Spaine0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e5“At the end of long-term frozen storage (12 months), no significant change of total phenolic content extracted was observed, but significant decreases of 14-21% in ellagic acid and of 33-55% in vitamin C were quantified”
Claim · model-written summary
The freezing process decreased antiradical efficiency values in the four cultivars by between 4 and 26%.
- Taxon
- raspberrye0
- Material
- four cultivarse6
- Treatment
- freezing processe6
- Outcome
- AE valuese6
- Direction
- decreasee6
- Value
- 4 and 26%e6
- Setting
- Spaine0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e6“The freezing process produced a decrease of AE values in the four cultivars ranging between 4 and 26%”
Claim · model-written summary
Antiradical efficiency values remained unchanged during frozen storage after the freezing process.
Verbatim
e0“four raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Rubi, and Zeva) grown in Spain were detected and quantified by HPLC in fresh, just frozen, and stored fruits”
e7“During the frozen storage, the AE values reached after the freezing process remained unchanged”
The same questions in other papers
storage · quality: phytochemicals · Rubus idaeus (red raspberry)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.