Abstract
Pseudomonas putida 40RNF is a putative biological control agent (BCA) of Pythium damping-off of sugar beet. The survival of 40RNF during commercial seed treatment and its subsequent shelf-life (i.e. long-term viability and biocontrol activity) were assessed. Two methods were used to apply 40RNF to sugar beet seeds: incorporation into film-coats sprayed on to pre-pelleted seeds and incorporation into the pellet material prior to pelleting. Only 7.1% of applied 40RNF survived film-coating, but an initial concentration of 7 × 108 ensured that 83.3% of a pre-determined target rate of 6 × 107 |pellet was achieved. After 52 weeks of storage at 4°C,the numbers of 40RNF had declined by one to two orders of magnitude, with a decrease of approximately 50% in disease control. After 52 weeks at 18-20°C, 40RNF was below detectable limits (< 100|pellet), yet the biocontrol activity of the seed treatments was not reduced. The survival of 40RNF during incorporation into the pellet material was poor (< 0.2% of those applied, i.e. 5 × 105 pellet). However, bacterial viability and biocontrol efficacy were maintained at 100% of the control value for 24 weeks when stored at 18-20°C. The results indicate that commercial seed treatments and the storage of pellets at ambient temperatures has potential for the introduction of bacterial BCAs into the spermosphere.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Only 7.1% of applied Pseudomonas survived film coating.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Interactor
- 40RNFe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- 40RNF survived film-coatinge0
- Value
- 7.1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only 7.1% of applied 40RNF survived film-coating, but an initial concentration of 7 × 108 ensured that 83.3% of a pre-determined target rate of 6 × 107 |pellet was achieved.”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Initial concentration achieved 83.3% of the target rate.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- 40RNFe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- target ratee0
- Value
- 83.3%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only 7.1% of applied 40RNF survived film-coating, but an initial concentration of 7 × 108 ensured that 83.3% of a pre-determined target rate of 6 × 107 |pellet was achieved.”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
After 52 weeks at 4°C, 40RNF declined one to two orders of magnitude.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- 40RNFe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- numbers of 40RNFe0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Value
- one to two orders of magnitudee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 52 weeks of storage at 4°C,the numbers of 40RNF had declined by one to two orders of magnitude, with a decrease of approximately 50% in disease control.”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
After 52 weeks at 4°C, disease control decreased about 50%.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- 40RNFe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- approximately 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 52 weeks of storage at 4°C,the numbers of 40RNF had declined by one to two orders of magnitude, with a decrease of approximately 50% in disease control.”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
At 18-20°C after 52 weeks, 40RNF fell below detection.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- 40RNFe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- 40RNF was below detectable limitse0
- Value
- < 100|pellete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 52 weeks at 18-20°C, 40RNF was below detectable limits (< 100|pellet), yet the biocontrol activity of the seed treatments was not reduced.”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
At 18-20°C after 52 weeks, biocontrol activity did not decline.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- 40RNFe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biocontrol activitye0
- Direction
- not reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 52 weeks at 18-20°C, 40RNF was below detectable limits (< 100|pellet), yet the biocontrol activity of the seed treatments was not reduced.”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Survival during pellet incorporation was below 0.2%.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- 40RNFe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- survival of 40RNFe0
- Value
- < 0.2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The survival of 40RNF during incorporation into the pellet material was poor (< 0.2% of those applied, i.e. 5 × 105 pellet).”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Pellet-stored bacterial viability and biocontrol efficacy remained at control values for 24 weeks.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas putida
Pseudomonas putidat1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- bacterial viability and biocontrol efficacye0
- Value
- 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, bacterial viability and biocontrol efficacy were maintained at 100% of the control value for 24 weeks when stored at 18-20°C.”
t0“Sugar Beet”
t1“Pseudomonas putida”