Abstract
Herbage in conventional pasture and agroforestry systems is managed for microclimate and spatial differences inherent to these systems, but managers have scarce data on which to base their decisions. Our objective was to measure herbage N fertilizer recovery at two sites, an unshaded meadow and a shaded alley in 10‐yr‐old loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.). The test was conducted on a Leadvale silt loam soil (fine‐silty, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Fragiudult) near Booneville, AR, in 2002 and 2003, with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species. Fertilizer N was broadcast as split‐applications at six rates (100 kg ha −1 increments from 0 to 500 kg ha −1 yr −1 ). The meadow and pine alleys had sufficient herbage yield for rotational livestock production. Cumulative herbage yield (CHY) in the meadow was much more responsive to added N than pine alley herbage, but average cumulative fertilizer N (CFN) recoveries were only 38% and 12%, respectively. A shallow fragipan, low available soil P (≤ 6 μg g −1 ), depletion of soil water in July to September (both sites), and low solar irradiance (pine alley) were likely contributors to low fertilizer N recovery and herbage productivity. Because of poor herbage yield response and substantial accumulation of soil mineral N (62 to 237 kg ha −1 ) in pine alleys fertilized with ≥200 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , only maintenance levels of fertilizer N ( ≤ 100 kg ha −1 ) should be applied to similar sites. For these same reasons, yearly applications of fertilizer N > 300 kg ha −1 yr −1 are not recommended for meadows similar to the study site.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cumulative herbage yield in the meadow responded much more strongly to added N than pine alley herbage.
- Taxon
- tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceume0 - Treatment
- added Ne1
- Outcome
- Cumulative herbage yield (CHY)e1
- Direction
- more responsivee1
- Comparator
- pine alley herbagee1
- Setting
- meadowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e1“Cumulative herbage yield (CHY) in the meadow was much more responsive to added N than pine alley herbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Average cumulative fertilizer N recovery in the meadow was 38%.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- average cumulative fertilizer N (CFN) recoveriese2
- Value
- 38%e2
- Setting
- meadowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e1“Cumulative herbage yield (CHY) in the meadow was much more responsive to added N than pine alley herbage”
e2“average cumulative fertilizer N (CFN) recoveries were only 38% and 12%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Average cumulative fertilizer N recovery in the pine alley was 12%.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- average cumulative fertilizer N (CFN) recoveriese2
- Value
- 12%e2
- Setting
- pine alley herbagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e1“Cumulative herbage yield (CHY) in the meadow was much more responsive to added N than pine alley herbage”
e2“average cumulative fertilizer N (CFN) recoveries were only 38% and 12%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized pine alleys accumulated substantial soil mineral N.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- fertilized with ≥200 kg N ha −1 yr −1e3
- Outcome
- soil mineral Ne3
- Direction
- substantial accumulatione3
- Value
- 62 to 237 kg ha −1e3
- Setting
- pine alleyse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e3“substantial accumulation of soil mineral N (62 to 237 kg ha −1) in pine alleys fertilized with ≥200 kg N ha −1 yr −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Pine alleys fertilized at 200 kg N ha-1 yr-1 or more gave a poor herbage yield response.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- fertilized with ≥200 kg N ha −1 yr −1e4
- Outcome
- herbage yield responsee4
- Direction
- poore4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e4“Because of poor herbage yield response and substantial accumulation of soil mineral N (62 to 237 kg ha −1) in pine alleys fertilized with ≥200 kg N ha −1 yr −1, only maintenance levels of fertilizer N ( ≤ 100 kg ha −1 ) should be applied to similar sites”
Claim · model-written summary
Only maintenance levels of fertilizer N (100 kg ha-1 or less) should be applied to similar sites.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- maintenance levels of fertilizer Ne4
- Value
- ≤ 100 kg ha −1e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e4“Because of poor herbage yield response and substantial accumulation of soil mineral N (62 to 237 kg ha −1) in pine alleys fertilized with ≥200 kg N ha −1 yr −1, only maintenance levels of fertilizer N ( ≤ 100 kg ha −1 ) should be applied to similar sites”
Claim · model-written summary
Yearly fertilizer N above 300 kg ha-1 yr-1 is not recommended for meadows similar to the study site.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- yearly applications of fertilizer N > 300 kg ha −1 yr −1e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e5“yearly applications of fertilizer N > 300 kg ha −1 yr −1 are not recommended for meadows similar to the study site”
Claim · model-written summary
A shallow fragipan and related soil and light conditions were likely contributors to low fertilizer N recovery and herbage productivity.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- low fertilizer N recovery and herbage productivitye6
- Qualifier
- shallow fragipane6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the predominant herbage species”
e6“A shallow fragipan, low available soil P (≤ 6 μg g −1), depletion of soil water in July to September (both sites), and low solar irradiance (pine alley) were likely contributors to low fertilizer N recovery and herbage productivity”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →nitrogen · yield · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.