Abstract
Abstract Six varieties of white clover, each grown with perennial ryegrass, four intervals between cuts and two levels of applied nitrogen in all combinations, were compared in a field experiment during the first 27 months after sowing. Information about yields, crop fractions, heights and ryegrass tillers has been presented in an earlier paper (Wilman and Asiegbu, 1982). The present paper is concerned with the more detailed studies of white clover, which help to explain the yield results and contribute to the understanding of the response of this species to management when grown in competition with grass. Increasing the interval between harvests increased the length of clover stolon per unit area of ground and increased stolon diameter, petiole length, weight per leaf and number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward while only slightly reducing the rate of leaf emergence, helping to explain the positive effect of increasing the interval on clover yield noted in the earlier paper. During regrowth, successive leaves had longer petioles and the length of individual petioles increased beyond the stage at which the leaflets were fully opened. Weight per leaf in clover increased considerably from April to June and declined to below the April value by October. It was shown that weight per leaf can be greatly increased by increasing the interval between harvests without reducing the number of leaves harvested per unit area per year. The stolon length measurements provided some support for the view that medium large‐leaved varieties of white clover can with advantage be defoliated rather less frequently than small‐leaved varieties. Stolon length was less adversely affected by applied N in the medium large‐ than in the small‐leaved varieties. The small‐leaved varieties had thinner stolons than the medium large‐leaved varieties but about twice the stolon length when no N was applied, and a relatively high proportion of leaves which escaped defoliation. The application of N reduced stolon diameter, increased petiole length and had little or no effect on weight per clover leaf.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Longer harvest intervals increased length of clover stolon per unit area of ground.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repenst0 - Treatment
- Increasing the interval between harvestse0
- Outcome
- length of clover stolon per unit area of grounde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the interval between harvests increased the length of clover stolon per unit area of ground and increased stolon diameter, petiole length, weight per leaf and number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward while only slightly reducing the rate of leaf emergence”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer harvest intervals increased stolon diameter.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Increasing the interval between harvestse0
- Outcome
- stolon diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the interval between harvests increased the length of clover stolon per unit area of ground and increased stolon diameter, petiole length, weight per leaf and number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward while only slightly reducing the rate of leaf emergence”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer harvest intervals increased petiole length.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Increasing the interval between harvestse0
- Outcome
- petiole lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the interval between harvests increased the length of clover stolon per unit area of ground and increased stolon diameter, petiole length, weight per leaf and number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward while only slightly reducing the rate of leaf emergence”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer harvest intervals increased weight per leaf.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Increasing the interval between harvestse0
- Outcome
- weight per leafe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the interval between harvests increased the length of clover stolon per unit area of ground and increased stolon diameter, petiole length, weight per leaf and number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward while only slightly reducing the rate of leaf emergence”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer harvest intervals increased number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Increasing the interval between harvestse0
- Outcome
- number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the swarde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the interval between harvests increased the length of clover stolon per unit area of ground and increased stolon diameter, petiole length, weight per leaf and number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward while only slightly reducing the rate of leaf emergence”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer harvest intervals slightly reduced rate of leaf emergence.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Increasing the interval between harvestse0
- Outcome
- rate of leaf emergencee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the interval between harvests increased the length of clover stolon per unit area of ground and increased stolon diameter, petiole length, weight per leaf and number of leaves harvested as a proportion of the number present in the sward while only slightly reducing the rate of leaf emergence”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Successive leaves during regrowth had longer petioles.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- petiolese0
- Direction
- longere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During regrowth, successive leaves had longer petioles”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual petioles continued lengthening after leaflets fully opened.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Organ / stage
- leafletse0
- Outcome
- length of individual petiolese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the length of individual petioles increased beyond the stage at which the leaflets were fully opened”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Weight per leaf rose considerably from April to June.
TrifoliumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weight per leaf in clover increased considerably from April to June”
Claim · model-written summary
Weight per leaf fell below its April level by October.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weight per leaf in clover increased considerably from April to June and declined to below the April value by October”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer harvest intervals greatly increased weight per leaf without reducing annual harvested leaf number per ground area.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- increasing the interval between harvestse0
- Outcome
- weight per leafe0
- Direction
- greatly increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weight per leaf can be greatly increased by increasing the interval between harvests without reducing the number of leaves harvested per unit area per year”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen affected stolon length less adversely in medium large-leaved than small-leaved varieties.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- medium large‐e0
- Treatment
- applied Ne0
- Outcome
- Stolon lengthe0
- Direction
- less adversely affectede0
- Comparator
- small‐leaved varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stolon length was less adversely affected by applied N in the medium large‐ than in the small‐leaved varieties”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Small-leaved varieties had thinner stolons than medium large-leaved varieties.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- small‐leaved varietiese0
- Outcome
- stolonse0
- Direction
- thinnere0
- Comparator
- medium large‐leaved varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The small‐leaved varieties had thinner stolons than the medium large‐leaved varieties”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Without nitrogen, small-leaved varieties had about twice the stolon length of medium large-leaved varieties.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- small‐leaved varietiese0
- Outcome
- stolon lengthe0
- Direction
- twicee0
- Qualifier
- when no N was appliede0
- Comparator
- medium large‐leaved varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The small‐leaved varieties had thinner stolons than the medium large‐leaved varieties but about twice the stolon length when no N was applied”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Small-leaved varieties had a relatively high proportion of leaves escaping defoliation.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- small‐leaved varietiese0
- Outcome
- proportion of leaves which escaped defoliatione0
- Direction
- relatively highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The small‐leaved varieties had thinner stolons than the medium large‐leaved varieties but about twice the stolon length when no N was applied, and a relatively high proportion of leaves which escaped defoliation”
t0“white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen reduced stolon diameter.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of N reduced stolon diameter, increased petiole length and had little or no effect on weight per clover leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased petiole length.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of N reduced stolon diameter, increased petiole length and had little or no effect on weight per clover leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen had little or no effect on clover leaf weight.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of N reduced stolon diameter, increased petiole length and had little or no effect on weight per clover leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Stolon measurements support less frequent defoliation of medium large-leaved varieties.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Material
- medium large‐leaved varietiese0
- Outcome
- defoliated rather less frequentlye0
- Comparator
- small‐leaved varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“medium large‐leaved varieties of white clover can with advantage be defoliated rather less frequently than small‐leaved varieties”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · growth · TrifoliumResults differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.