Abstract
Abstract Rhizoctonia solani , the causal agent of stem canker and black scurf on potato, survives as sclerotia on tubers, in soil and in plant residues. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the importance of inoculum source on disease development. Disease‐free minitubers and seed tubers contaminated with low levels of R. solani were planted in fumigated or artificially inoculated growth mixture in greenhouse experiments. Black scurf incidence and severity were significantly higher when the inoculum was present in both seed tubers and soil, compared with either of them separately. The severity of disease symptoms on the subterranean parts of the plant also were significantly higher in plots where both seed tubers and soil were contaminated, compared with plots where the inoculum source was either the seed tubers or the soil. Thus, both major sources of inoculum, seed tubers and soil, are important in disease development. However, when both sources are present, black scurf incidence and severity are increased, leading to economical damage to tuber yield and quality. Additional results from field trials support these findings. Disease incidence and severity on daughter tubers were correlated with levels of contamination in seed tubers and soil. When seed tubers and soil were heavily infested, the levels of black scurf incidence and severity on daughter tubers were very high; when seed tuber and soil infestation were very low, black scurf incidence and severity on progeny were also lower. Disease levels were reduced by in‐furrow fungicide treatment, but were less effective when the initial levels of the fungus on the seed tubers and in the soil were high.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Combined seed and soil inoculum increased black scurf incidence and severity relative to either source alone.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- inoculum was present in both seed tubers and soile0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanit0pathogen - Outcome
- Black scurf incidence and severitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- either of them separatelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Black scurf incidence and severity were significantly higher when the inoculum was present in both seed tubers and soil, compared with either of them separately”
t0“Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined seed and soil contamination increased severity of subterranean symptoms.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- both seed tubers and soil were contaminatede0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit0pathogen
- Outcome
- severity of disease symptoms on the subterranean parts of the plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- either the seed tubers or the soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The severity of disease symptoms on the subterranean parts of the plant also were significantly higher in plots where both seed tubers and soil were contaminated, compared with plots where the inoculum source was either the seed tubers or the soil”
t0“Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed and soil contamination levels correlated with black scurf incidence and severity on daughter tubers.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- daughter tuberse0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit0pathogen
- Outcome
- Disease incidence and severity on daughter tuberse0
- Qualifier
- levels of contamination in seed tubers and soile0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disease incidence and severity on daughter tubers were correlated with levels of contamination in seed tubers and soil”
t0“Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy seed and soil infestation corresponded to very high black scurf incidence and severity.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- daughter tuberse0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit0pathogen
- Outcome
- black scurf incidence and severity on daughter tuberse0
- Direction
- very highe0
- Qualifier
- seed tubers and soil were heavily infestede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When seed tubers and soil were heavily infested, the levels of black scurf incidence and severity on daughter tubers were very high”
t0“Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Low seed and soil infestation corresponded to lower black scurf levels.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit0pathogen
- Outcome
- black scurf incidence and severity on progenye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- seed tuber and soil infestation were very lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when seed tuber and soil infestation were very low, black scurf incidence and severity on progeny were also lower”
t0“Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
In-furrow fungicide reduced disease levels.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- in‐furrow fungicide treatmente0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit0pathogen
- Outcome
- Disease levelse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disease levels were reduced by in‐furrow fungicide treatment”
t0“Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide was less effective with high initial fungal levels.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide treatmente0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanit0pathogen
- Outcome
- less effectivee0
- Direction
- less effectivee0
- Qualifier
- initial levels of the fungus on the seed tubers and in the soil were highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disease levels were reduced by in‐furrow fungicide treatment, but were less effective when the initial levels of the fungus on the seed tubers and in the soil were high”
t0“The Influence of the Inoculum Source of Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Rhizoctonia solani · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 18 papers →fungicide · Rhizoctonia solani · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.