Abstract
R50 (sym16), a pleiotropic mutant of Pisum sativum L., is short, has thickened internodes and roots, and has a reduced number of lateral roots and nodules. Its low nodule phenotype can be restored with the application of ethylene inhibitors; furthermore, it can be mimicked by applying cytokinins (CKs) to the roots of the parent line ‘Sparkle’. Here, we report on the etiolation phenotypes of R50 and ‘Sparkle’, and on the interactive roles of ethylene and CKs in these lines. R50 displayed an altered etiolation phenotype, as it was shorter and thicker, and had more developed leaves than dark-grown ‘Sparkle’. Shoot morphological differences induced by exogenous ethylene or CKs were found to be less severe for R50. Ethylene inhibitor application induced root and shoot elongation and encouraged apical hook opening in both etiolated lines. Liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry analysis indicated that CK concentrations in R50 were higher than in ‘Sparkle’, particularly in mature shoots where the levels were maintained at elevated concentrations. These differences indicate a reduction in the CK catabolism of R50. The accumulation of CKs can be directly related to several traits of R50, with the reduced number of nodules and altered shoot ethylene response being likely indirect effects. Key words: cytokinin, de-etiolation, ethylene, etiolation, pea, nodulation mutant.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Etiolated R50 is shorter and thicker and has more developed leaves than Sparkle.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Material
- R50e0
- Outcome
- altered etiolation phenotypee0
- Qualifier
- shorter and thicker, and had more developed leavese0
- Comparator
- Sparklee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R50 displayed an altered etiolation phenotype, as it was shorter and thicker, and had more developed leaves than dark-grown ‘Sparkle’.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ethylene-induced shoot morphological differences are less severe in R50.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- R50e0
- Treatment
- exogenous ethylenee0
- Outcome
- Shoot morphological differencese0
- Direction
- less severee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot morphological differences induced by exogenous ethylene or CKs were found to be less severe for R50.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
CK-induced shoot morphological differences are less severe in R50.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- R50e0
- Treatment
- CKse0
- Outcome
- Shoot morphological differencese0
- Direction
- less severee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot morphological differences induced by exogenous ethylene or CKs were found to be less severe for R50.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene inhibitors induce root and shoot elongation in etiolated R50.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- R50e1
- Treatment
- Ethylene inhibitor applicatione0
- Outcome
- root and shoot elongatione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene inhibitor application induced root and shoot elongation and encouraged apical hook opening in both etiolated lines.”
e1“etiolation phenotypes of R50 and ‘Sparkle’”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene inhibitors induce root and shoot elongation in etiolated Sparkle.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- Sparklee1
- Treatment
- Ethylene inhibitor applicatione0
- Outcome
- root and shoot elongatione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene inhibitor application induced root and shoot elongation and encouraged apical hook opening in both etiolated lines.”
e1“etiolation phenotypes of R50 and ‘Sparkle’”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene inhibitors encourage apical hook opening in R50.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- R50e1
- Treatment
- Ethylene inhibitor applicatione0
- Outcome
- apical hook openinge0
- Direction
- encouragede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene inhibitor application induced root and shoot elongation and encouraged apical hook opening in both etiolated lines.”
e1“etiolation phenotypes of R50 and ‘Sparkle’”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene inhibitors encourage apical hook opening in Sparkle.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- Sparklee1
- Treatment
- Ethylene inhibitor applicatione0
- Outcome
- apical hook openinge0
- Direction
- encouragede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene inhibitor application induced root and shoot elongation and encouraged apical hook opening in both etiolated lines.”
e1“etiolation phenotypes of R50 and ‘Sparkle’”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
R50 has higher cytokinin concentrations than Sparkle, especially sustained in mature shoots.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- R50e0
- Organ / stage
- mature shootse0
- Outcome
- CK concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Sparklee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CK concentrations in R50 were higher than in ‘Sparkle’, particularly in mature shoots where the levels were maintained at elevated concentrations”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
The concentration differences indicate reduced cytokinin catabolism in R50.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- R50e0
- Outcome
- CK catabolisme0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- These differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These differences indicate a reduction in the CK catabolism of R50.”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin accumulation is directly related to several R50 traits; reduced nodules and altered ethylene response are likely indirect effects.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- R50e0
- Compound
- CKse0
- Outcome
- reduced number of nodules and altered shoot ethylene responsee0
- Qualifier
- likely indirect effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of CKs can be directly related to several traits of R50, with the reduced number of nodules and altered shoot ethylene response being likely indirect effects.”
t0“pea”
The same questions in other papers
ethene · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.