Abstract
Relay intercropping represents an alternative for sustainable production of vegetables, but the changes of internally antioxidant defense combined with the growth and yield are not clear. Field experiment was carried out to investigate the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and plant height, stem diameter, maximal leaf area, and yield of eggplant grown under successive cropping in the year 2011 and 2012 to see if relay intercropping with garlic (Allium sativum L.) could benefit to eggplant growth and yield. Three experimental treatments with three repeats in each were carried out (completely randomized block design): eggplant monoculture (CK), eggplant relay intercropping with normal garlic (NG), and eggplant relay intercropping with green garlic (GG). In both years, the MDA content was significantly lower and SOD and POD activities were generally lower in NG and GG compared with CK in most sampling dates. PPO activity trends were generally opposite to those of POD. The general trend of PAL activity was similar to MDA. The plant height and stem of eggplant was lower, but the maximal leaf area was larger in NG and GG in 2011; in 2012 the plant growth was stronger in relay intercropping treatments. For eggplant yield in 2011, NG was 2.85% higher than CK; after the time for the green garlic pulled out was moved forward in 2012, the yield was increased by 6.26 and 7.80%, respectively, in NG and GG. The lower MDA content and enzyme activities in relay intercropping treatments showed that the eggplant suffered less damage from environment and continuous cropping obstacles, which promoted healthier plant. Thus from both the growth and physiological perspective, it was concluded that eggplant/garlic relay intercropping is a beneficial cultivation practice maintaining stronger plant growth and higher yield.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping lowered eggplant MDA in both years.
- Taxon
- eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
Solanum melongenat0 - Treatment
- NG and GGe0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- In both yearse0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both years, the MDA content was significantly lower and SOD and POD activities were generally lower in NG and GG compared with CK in most sampling dates”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping generally lowered SOD and POD activity.
- Taxon
- eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)Solanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- NG and GGe0
- Outcome
- SOD and POD activitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SOD and POD activities were generally lower in NG and GG compared with CK in most sampling dates”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
PPO activity generally followed the opposite trend to POD.
- Taxon
- eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)Solanum melongenat0
- Gene
- PODe0
- Outcome
- PPO activity trendse0
- Direction
- oppositee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PPO activity trends were generally opposite to those of POD”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL activity generally followed MDA.
- Taxon
- eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)Solanum melongenat0
- Compound
- MDAe0
- Outcome
- PAL activitye0
- Direction
- similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The general trend of PAL activity was similar to MDA”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped eggplant had lower height and stem size in 2011.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- NG and GGe0
- Outcome
- plant height and steme0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 2011e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height and stem of eggplant was lower, but the maximal leaf area was larger in NG and GG in 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped eggplant had larger maximal leaf area in 2011.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- NG and GGe0
- Outcome
- maximal leaf areae0
- Direction
- largere0
- Qualifier
- 2011e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximal leaf area was larger in NG and GG in 2011”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped eggplant showed stronger growth in 2012.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- relay intercropping treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Qualifier
- 2012e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in 2012 the plant growth was stronger in relay intercropping treatments”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Normal garlic intercropping increased eggplant yield by 2.85% in 2011.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- NGe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.85%e0
- Qualifier
- 2011e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For eggplant yield in 2011, NG was 2.85% higher than CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Normal garlic intercropping increased yield by 6.26% in 2012.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield was increased by 6.26 and 7.80%, respectively, in NG and GG”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Green garlic intercropping increased yield by 7.80% in 2012.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield was increased by 6.26 and 7.80%, respectively, in NG and GG”
t0“eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors interpret lower MDA and enzyme activities as less damage.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- relay intercropping treatmentse0
- Outcome
- less damage from environment and continuous cropping obstaclese0
- Qualifier
- lower MDA content and enzyme activitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lower MDA content and enzyme activities in relay intercropping treatments showed that the eggplant suffered less damage from environment and continuous cropping obstacles, which promoted healthier plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic relay intercropping was recommended as a beneficial cultivation practice.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- eggplant/garlic relay intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- beneficial cultivation practice maintaining stronger plant growth and higher yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eggplant/garlic relay intercropping is a beneficial cultivation practice maintaining stronger plant growth and higher yield”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.