Abstract
The germination percentage of peach [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. Halford] seeds at 20°C was low (< 20%) after incubation at 5°C for as long as 35 days, but then increased considerably (> 40%) when the seeds were maintained at 5°C for longer than 42 days. Four zones of gibberellin‐like activity were found in partially purified seed extracts. Gibberellin‐like activity remained low in seeds incubated at 5°C for as long as 28 days, but increased significantly in three of these zones after 35 days, and in the fourth zone after 49 days. The increase in gibberellin‐like activity was evident prior to the transfer of the seeds to 20°C. Moreover, seeds maintained at 5°C germinated at this temperature after 63 days. For seeds incubated and germinated at 20°C, both the germination percentage and the gibberellin‐like activity remained low throughout the experimental period. Application of the growth retardant paclobutrazol to seeds after 28 days of a 49 day total incubation period at 5°C did not substantially reduce seed germination, although the increase in gibberellin‐like activity was prevented. Seeds did, however, require a longer time to germinate after transfer to 20°C and were dwarfed in appearance. Application of GA 3 to seeds prior to stratification increased the percentage germination of seeds only when they had been incubated at 5°C for at least 35 days. The major changes in gibberellin‐like activity are, therefore, associated not so much with the processes which allow germination to take place in peach, but more with those processes which allow normal growth and development of the seedling.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Peach seed germination at 20°C remained below 20% after up to 35 days at 5°C.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicae0 - Material
- Halforde0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Value
- < 20%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The germination percentage of peach [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. Halford] seeds at 20°C was low (< 20%) after incubation at 5°C for as long as 35 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination exceeded 40% after more than 42 days at 5°C.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee1
- Direction
- increased considerablye0
- Value
- > 40%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased considerably (> 40%) when the seeds were maintained at 5°C for longer than 42 days”
e1“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Four zones of gibberellin-like activity occurred in seed extracts.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- zones of gibberellin‐like activitye0
- Value
- Four zonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four zones of gibberellin‐like activity were found in partially purified seed extracts”
e1“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin-like activity stayed low through 28 days at 5°C.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- Gibberellin‐like activitye0
- Direction
- remained lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellin‐like activity remained low in seeds incubated at 5°C for as long as 28 days”
e1“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin-like activity significantly increased in three zones after 35 days.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae2
- Outcome
- Gibberellin‐like activitye1
- Direction
- increased significantlye0
- Value
- three of these zonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased significantly in three of these zones after 35 days”
e1“Gibberellin‐like activity remained low in seeds”
e2“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin-like activity increased in the fourth zone after 49 days.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae2
- Outcome
- Gibberellin‐like activitye3
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- fourth zone after 49 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the fourth zone after 49 days”
e1“but increased significantly in three of these zones after 35 days, and in the fourth zone after 49 days”
e2“germination percentage of peach”
e3“Gibberellin‐like activity remained low in seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds germinated at 5°C after 63 days.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- germinated at this temperature after 63 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds maintained at 5°C germinated at this temperature after 63 days”
e1“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20°C, germination percentage and gibberellin-like activity stayed low.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- germination percentage and the gibberellin‐like activitye0
- Direction
- remained lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For seeds incubated and germinated at 20°C, both the germination percentage and the gibberellin‐like activity remained low throughout the experimental period”
e1“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol did not substantially reduce seed germination.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- Application of the growth retardant paclobutrazole0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- did not substantially reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the growth retardant paclobutrazol to seeds after 28 days of a 49 day total incubation period at 5°C did not substantially reduce seed germination”
e1“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol prevented the rise in gibberellin-like activity.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae2
- Treatment
- paclobutrazole1
- Outcome
- gibberellin‐like activitye0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“although the increase in gibberellin‐like activity was prevented”
e1“Application of the growth retardant paclobutrazol to seeds”
e2“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol-treated seeds took longer to germinate after transfer to 20°C.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae2
- Treatment
- paclobutrazole1
- Outcome
- time to germinatee0
- Direction
- longere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seeds did, however, require a longer time to germinate after transfer to 20°C”
e1“Application of the growth retardant paclobutrazol to seeds”
e2“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol-treated seedlings were dwarfed.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae2
- Treatment
- paclobutrazole1
- Outcome
- dwarfed in appearancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were dwarfed in appearance”
e1“Application of the growth retardant paclobutrazol to seeds”
e2“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-stratification GA 3 increased germination only after at least 35 days at 5°C.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae1
- Treatment
- Application of GA 3e0
- Outcome
- percentage germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA 3 to seeds prior to stratification increased the percentage germination of seeds only when they had been incubated at 5°C for at least 35 days”
e1“germination percentage of peach”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors associate gibberellin-like activity chiefly with normal seedling growth and development.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Organ / stage
- seedlinge0
- Compound
- gibberellin‐like activitye0
- Outcome
- normal growth and development of the seedlinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The major changes in gibberellin‐like activity are, therefore, associated not so much with the processes which allow germination to take place in peach, but more with those processes which allow normal growth and development of the seedling”
The same questions in other papers
paclobutrazol · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Results differ
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- positive
- positive
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See all 21 papers →Gibberellic acid · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Results differ
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
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See all 23 papers →class · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.