Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen trials were carried out on hemp crops grown in I reland over a 3 year period to identify nitrogen fertilization strategies which optimize the greenhouse gas (GHG) and energy balances of hemp crops grown for biomass. Nitrogen rates up to 150 kg N ha −1 were used in the study. Yield increased with nitrogen rate up to 120 kg N ha −1 for early (Ferimon), mid (Felina 32) and late maturing (Futura 75) varieties. Variety had a significant effect on yield with yields increasing with maturation date. In 2 years of the study, certain application rates of nitrogen were applied either at sowing, at emergence, after emergence or split between these dates to determine if nitrogen rates could be reduced by delaying or splitting the applications. The application of nitrogen at times later than sowing or in splits during the early part of the growing season had no significant effect on biomass yield compared with the practice of applying nitrogen at the time of sowing. Late applications of nitrogen reduced leaf chlorophyll content and height early in the growing season. Later in the growing season, there was no difference in height between treatments although the highest concentrations of chlorophyll were found in the leaves of the late application treatment. Nitrogen rate and the timing of nitrogen application had no effect on plant density. Biomass yield, net energy and net GHG mitigation increased up to an application rate of 120 kg N ha −1 , this result was independent of soil type or soil nitrogen level. Net GHG and energy balance of hemp crops grown for biomass are optimized if late maturing varieties are used for biomass production and a nitrogen rate of 120 kg ha −1 is applied at sowing.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Yield increased with nitrogen rate to 120 kg N ha −1 in the three varieties.
- Taxon
- hemp crops
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativat0 - Treatment
- nitrogen rate up to 120 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 120 kg N ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield increased with nitrogen rate up to 120 kg N ha −1 for early (Ferimon), mid (Felina 32) and late maturing (Futura 75) varieties.”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield rose with later maturation and differed significantly by variety.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Material
- Varietye0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variety had a significant effect on yield with yields increasing with maturation date.”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Later or split nitrogen application did not significantly change biomass yield from sowing application.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at times later than sowing or in splitse0
- Outcome
- biomass yielde0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
- Comparator
- applying nitrogen at the time of sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of nitrogen at times later than sowing or in splits during the early part of the growing season had no significant effect on biomass yield compared with the practice of applying nitrogen at the time of sowing.”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Late nitrogen application reduced early leaf chlorophyll content and height.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Late applications of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll content and heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- early in the growing seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Late applications of nitrogen reduced leaf chlorophyll content and height early in the growing season.”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Later in the season height did not differ between treatments.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- between treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Later in the growing season, there was no difference in height between treatments”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Late nitrogen application gave the highest later-season leaf chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- late application treatmente0
- Outcome
- concentrations of chlorophylle0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest concentrations of chlorophyll were found in the leaves of the late application treatment.”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen rate and timing did not affect plant density.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen rate and the timing of nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- plant densitye0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen rate and the timing of nitrogen application had no effect on plant density.”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass yield, net energy and net greenhouse gas mitigation increased through 120 kg N ha −1, independent of soil conditions.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- application rate of 120 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- Biomass yield, net energy and net GHG mitigatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- independent of soil type or soil nitrogen levele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biomass yield, net energy and net GHG mitigation increased up to an application rate of 120 kg N ha −1 , this result was independent of soil type or soil nitrogen level.”
t0“hemp crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Use late maturing varieties and apply 120 kg nitrogen at sowing to optimize balances.
- Taxon
- hemp cropsCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Outcome
- late maturing varieties are used for biomass production and a nitrogen rate of 120 kg ha −1 is applied at sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net GHG and energy balance of hemp crops grown for biomass are optimized if late maturing varieties are used for biomass production and a nitrogen rate of 120 kg ha −1 is applied at sowing.”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
- positive
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See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.