Abstract
The application of manure compost is an effective way to increase soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield and nitrogen (N) fertility in drained paddy fields. We investigated changes in soil N mineralization during soybean cultivation using reaction kinetics analysis to determine the contribution of increased N mineralization after manure compost application (at a rate of 0 to 6 kg m−2) on N accumulation and seed yield of soybean under drained paddy field conditions. The seed yield and N accumulation decreased markedly in the second and third year of the experiment, but soil N mineralization increased in both years. No decrease in soil N mineralization occurred even after two soybean crops. Soil N availability was not the main cause of decreased soybean yield in the second and third years. The differences in plant aboveground N content between plots with and without manure compost was similar to the increase in N mineralization caused by manure compost application in the second and third years. The application of 6 kg m−2 of manure compost increased the amount of ureide-N and nitrate-N in soybean in the third year. Our results suggest that manure compost application increases soil N mineralization and soybean N2 fixation, resulting in increased N accumulation and seed yield. However, the soybean yield remained less than 300 g m−2 in the second and third years (i.e., below the yield in the first year) at all levels of manure compost application due to the remarkable decrease of N accumulation in the second and the third crops.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seed yield and N accumulation decreased in years two and three.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Outcome
- seed yield and N accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreased markedlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The seed yield and N accumulation decreased markedly in the second and third year of the experiment”
e1“during soybean cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N mineralization increased in years two and three.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- soil N mineralizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil N mineralization increased in both years”
e1“during soybean cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N mineralization did not decline after two soybean crops.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- soil N mineralizatione0
- Direction
- No decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No decrease in soil N mineralization occurred even after two soybean crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N availability was not the main cause of soybean yield decline.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- decreased soybean yielde0
- Qualifier
- Soil N availabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil N availability was not the main cause of decreased soybean yield in the second and third years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aboveground plant N content differences resembled increased N mineralization with compost.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- manure composte0
- Outcome
- plant aboveground N contente0
- Comparator
- without manure composte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The differences in plant aboveground N content between plots with and without manure compost was similar to the increase in N mineralization caused by manure compost application in the second and third years.”
e1“during soybean cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost increased soybean ureide-N in year three.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 6 kg m−2 of manure composte0
- Outcome
- amount of ureide-Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of 6 kg m−2 of manure compost increased the amount of ureide-N and nitrate-N in soybean in the third year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost increased soybean nitrate-N in year three.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 6 kg m−2 of manure composte0
- Outcome
- nitrate-Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of 6 kg m−2 of manure compost increased the amount of ureide-N and nitrate-N in soybean in the third year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer compost increases soil N mineralization and soybean N2 fixation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- manure compost applicatione0
- Outcome
- soil N mineralization and soybean N2 fixatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“manure compost application increases soil N mineralization and soybean N2 fixation, resulting in increased N accumulation and seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer compost increases soybean N accumulation and seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- manure compost applicatione0
- Outcome
- N accumulation and seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“manure compost application increases soil N mineralization and soybean N2 fixation, resulting in increased N accumulation and seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield stayed below 300 g m−2 in years two and three.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Value
- 300 g m−2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soybean yield remained less than 300 g m−2 in the second and third years (i.e., below the yield in the first year) at all levels of manure compost application”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- positive
- positive
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1,020 papers in the same direction as this paper · 155 in the opposite direction · 16 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1,188 papers more in this group
See all 1,192 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.