Abstract
Four consecutive trifoliate leaves of 56-day-old symbiotic or nonsymbiotic soybean plants were evaluated individually for CO(2) exchange rates (CER), leaf area and dry weight, and leaf N, P, and starch concentrations. Plants had been inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus mosseae and Rhizobium japonicum, with either of the endophytes alone, or with neither at time of planting. Plants lacking one or both endophytes received N and/or P fertilizers to produce plants of equal total leaf dry weight in all four treatments. Photosynthetic P-use efficiency (CER per unit leaf P) was higher in the leaves of VAM plants than in P-fertilized plants regardless of the N source (N(2) fixation or combined N). Photosynthetic N-use efficiency was also higher in VAM than in non-VAM plants, but it was affected by the N source, with higher CER in the nodulated plants. The greatest differences in CER, starch accumulation and leaf area were found between the nonsymbiotic plants and those with both endophytes. Statistical evaluations of leaf parameters for treatment or nutrient concentration (N and P) effects between the tri-partite and the nonsymbiotic treatments showed significant changes in concentration of P, but not N, with decreasing leaf age. Both endophytes apparently enhance CO(2) fixation at N and/or P concentrations lower than those of the nonsymbiotic plants. The effects of the endophytes on CO(2) fixation were additive.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
VAM soybean leaves had higher photosynthetic P-use efficiency than P-fertilized leaves regardless of N source.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- VAM plantse0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee2symbiont - Outcome
- Photosynthetic P-use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- P-fertilized plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photosynthetic P-use efficiency (CER per unit leaf P) was higher in the leaves of VAM plants than in P-fertilized plants regardless of the N source (N(2) fixation or combined N)”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM soybean leaves had higher photosynthetic N-use efficiency than non-VAM leaves.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- VAMe0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- Photosynthetic N-use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- non-VAM plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photosynthetic N-use efficiency was also higher in VAM than in non-VAM plants”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodulated soybean plants had higher CER in the N-source comparison.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- nodulated plantse0
- Interactor
- Rhizobium japonicume2symbiont
- Outcome
- CERe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was affected by the N source, with higher CER in the nodulated plants”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“Rhizobium japonicum”
Claim · model-written summary
CER, starch accumulation and leaf area differed most between nonsymbiotic soybean plants and plants with both endophytes.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- both endophytese0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Second interactor
- Rhizobium japonicume2symbiont
- Outcome
- CER, starch accumulation and leaf areae0
- Direction
- greatest differencese0
- Comparator
- nonsymbiotic plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest differences in CER, starch accumulation and leaf area were found between the nonsymbiotic plants and those with both endophytes”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“Glomus mosseae and Rhizobium japonicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf P concentration changed significantly with decreasing soybean leaf age between tripartite and nonsymbiotic treatments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- leaf agee0
- Outcome
- concentration of Pe0
- Comparator
- nonsymbiotic treatmentse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showed significant changes in concentration of P, but not N, with decreasing leaf age”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“tri-partite and the nonsymbiotic treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf N concentration did not change significantly with decreasing soybean leaf age.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- leaf agee0
- Outcome
- concentration of P, but not Ne0
- Comparator
- nonsymbiotic treatmentse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showed significant changes in concentration of P, but not N, with decreasing leaf age”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“tri-partite and the nonsymbiotic treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Both endophytes apparently enhanced soybean CO(2) fixation at lower N and/or P concentrations than nonsymbiotic plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Both endophytese0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Second interactor
- Rhizobium japonicume2symbiont
- Outcome
- CO(2) fixatione0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Comparator
- nonsymbiotic plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both endophytes apparently enhance CO(2) fixation at N and/or P concentrations lower than those of the nonsymbiotic plants”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“Glomus mosseae and Rhizobium japonicum”
Claim · model-written summary
The two endophytes had additive effects on soybean CO(2) fixation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- endophytese0
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Second interactor
- Rhizobium japonicume2symbiont
- Outcome
- CO(2) fixatione0
- Direction
- additivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of the endophytes on CO(2) fixation were additive”
e1“soybean plants”
e2“Glomus mosseae and Rhizobium japonicum”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Funneliformis mosseae · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
mycorrhiza · Funneliformis mosseae · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.