Abstract
Abstract A key point in designing grass‐arable rotations is to find the right balance between the number of cultivations and the length of the grass phase. In a field experiment, we investigated the effect of cropping history (grazed unfertilized grass–clover and fertilized [300 kg N per hectare] ryegrass, proportion of grassland and previous fertilizer use) on crop growth and nitrate leaching for 2 years following grassland cultivation. In the final year, the effect of perennial ryegrass as a catch crop was investigated. The nitrogen fertilizer replacement value (NFRV) of grassland cultivation was higher at 132 kg N per hectare in the rotation with 75% grassland compared with on average 111 kg N per hectare in rotations with 25 and 38% grassland and the NFRV of ryegrass in the rotation was higher than that of grass–clover. Nitrate leaching following cultivation was not affected by the proportion of grassland in the crop rotation or sward type. However, there was a considerable effect of having a ryegrass catch crop following the final barley crop as nitrate leaching was reduced from 60 to 9 kg N per hectare. When summarizing results from the crop rotations over a longer period (1997–2005), management strategy adopted in both the grassland and arable phases appeared to be the primary instrument in avoiding nutrient losses from mixed crop rotations, irrespective of grass proportion. In the arable phase, the huge potential of catch crops has been demonstrated, but it is also important to realize that all parts of the grass‐arable crop rotations must be considered potentially leaky.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer replacement value of grassland cultivation was higher in the rotation with 75% grassland (132 kg N per hectare) than in rotations with 25 and 38% grassland (on average 111 kg N per hectare).
Verbatim
e1“The nitrogen fertilizer replacement value (NFRV) of grassland cultivation was higher at 132 kg N per hectare in the rotation with 75% grassland compared with on average 111 kg N per hectare in rotations with 25 and 38% grassland”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer replacement value of ryegrass in the rotation was higher than that of grass-clover.
LoliumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the NFRV of ryegrass in the rotation was higher than that of grass–clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate leaching following cultivation was not affected by the proportion of grassland in the crop rotation.
- Taxon
- grasslande3
- Treatment
- proportion of grassland in the crop rotatione3
- Outcome
- Nitrate leaching following cultivatione3
- Direction
- not affectede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“Nitrate leaching following cultivation was not affected by the proportion of grassland in the crop rotation or sward type”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate leaching following cultivation was not affected by sward type.
- Taxon
- grasslande3
- Treatment
- sward typee3
- Outcome
- Nitrate leaching following cultivatione3
- Direction
- not affectede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“Nitrate leaching following cultivation was not affected by the proportion of grassland in the crop rotation or sward type”
Claim · model-written summary
A ryegrass catch crop following the final barley crop reduced nitrate leaching to 9 kg N per hectare.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree4 - Treatment
- ryegrass catch crope4
- Outcome
- nitrate leachinge4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 60 to 9 kg N per hectaree4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e4“there was a considerable effect of having a ryegrass catch crop following the final barley crop as nitrate leaching was reduced from 60 to 9 kg N per hectare”
Claim · model-written summary
Management strategy in the grassland and arable phases appeared to be the primary instrument in avoiding nutrient losses from mixed crop rotations, irrespective of grass proportion.
Verbatim
e5“management strategy adopted in both the grassland and arable phases appeared to be the primary instrument in avoiding nutrient losses from mixed crop rotations, irrespective of grass proportion”
The same questions in other papers
cover crop · nutrient: content · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.