Abstract
The effect of different nitrogen sources (ammonium, nitrate or both ions together) on plastid development in dark‐grown and illuminated seedlings of wheat ( Triticum vulgare L. cv. Yecora) has been investigated. Plastids of plants grown in ammonium showed even in the dark a larger internal membrane length, higher ribulose bisphos‐phate carboxylase activity and greater content of soluble proteins than plastids of plants grown in nitrate. After the first hour of illumination rudimentary thylakoids showing some joining points were observed in the ammonium plastids. After 10 h no prolamellar bodies were seen in the ammonium plastids, and the internal plastid membrane length was greater than in the other treatments. There was no light‐induced increase in protein synthesis after illumination for 1 h. After 10 h the increase observed in protein synthesis was not followed by a response in the enzyme activity in any of the treatments. After 20 h the lag in the induction of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase ceased, the enzyme activity and soluble proteins being higher in the leaves of ammonium seedlings than in those from nitrate. From the correlation obtained between the ultrastructural electron microscope observations and the enzymatic studies, it appears that ammonium nutrition has a positive influence on the formation of the plastid membrane system and on the onset of photosynthesis and, consequently, on the development of chloroplasts.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-grown wheat plastids had greater internal membrane length, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activity and soluble protein content than nitrate-grown plastids even in darkness.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- internal membrane length, higher ribulose bisphos‐phate carboxylase activity and greater content of soluble proteinse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plastids of plants grown in ammonium showed even in the dark a larger internal membrane length, higher ribulose bisphos‐phate carboxylase activity and greater content of soluble proteins than plastids of plants grown in nitrate”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
After one hour of illumination, rudimentary thylakoids with joining points appeared in ammonium-grown wheat plastids.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- rudimentary thylakoids showing some joining pointse0
- Qualifier
- After the first hour of illuminatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After the first hour of illumination rudimentary thylakoids showing some joining points were observed in the ammonium plastids”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
After ten hours, ammonium-grown wheat plastids had no prolamellar bodies.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- no prolamellar bodiese0
- Qualifier
- After 10 he0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 10 h no prolamellar bodies were seen in the ammonium plastids”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
After ten hours, ammonium-grown wheat plastids had greater internal membrane length than other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- internal plastid membrane lengthe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- After 10 he0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 10 h no prolamellar bodies were seen in the ammonium plastids, and the internal plastid membrane length was greater than in the other treatments”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
One hour of illumination did not induce an increase in wheat protein synthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- illumination for 1 he0
- Outcome
- protein synthesise0
- Direction
- no light‐induced increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no light‐induced increase in protein synthesis after illumination for 1 h”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
After ten hours, increased wheat protein synthesis was not accompanied by increased enzyme activity in any treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye0
- Qualifier
- in any of the treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 10 h the increase observed in protein synthesis was not followed by a response in the enzyme activity in any of the treatments”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
After twenty hours, induction of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase in wheat was no longer delayed.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- lag in the induction of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase ceasede0
- Qualifier
- After 20 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 20 h the lag in the induction of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase ceased”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
After twenty hours, ammonium-grown wheat leaves had greater enzyme activity and soluble protein than nitrate-grown leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- enzyme activity and soluble proteinse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the enzyme activity and soluble proteins being higher in the leaves of ammonium seedlings than in those from nitrate”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret ammonium nutrition as promoting wheat plastid membrane formation, photosynthetic onset and chloroplast development.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ammonium nutritione0
- Outcome
- formation of the plastid membrane system and on the onset of photosynthesis and, consequently, on the development of chloroplastse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ammonium nutrition has a positive influence on the formation of the plastid membrane system and on the onset of photosynthesis and, consequently, on the development of chloroplasts”
t0“wheat seedlings”
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