Abstract
During 2001, watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) plants displayed in vegetable markets located in the district capital, Caracas, showed severe leaf distortion, chlorosis, and mosaic. Viral etiology was suspected, and several plants were brought to the lab for further analyses. Electron microscopic studies of leaf-dip preparations from symptomatic samples revealed flexuous viral particles 750 nm long. Infected cells contained pinwheel inclusions and scrolls typical of those associated with infection by a potyvirus. The virus was sap-transmitted back to watercress, which developed symptoms identical to those first observed. Disease symptoms were also reproduced on Nicotiana benthamiana using mechanical inoculation with watercress-infected sap. All samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using polyclonal antibodies (Agdia, Elkhart, IN) to Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), the only potyvirus that has been found infecting watercress plants (1). TuMV was detected in 88% of 100 samples taken from 18 markets on a single day. Symptoms were noted in every market when visited once a month during a 6-month period. The high percentage of TuMV-infected watercress in the 18 local markets (all 10 to 11 km from watercress fields) makes further epidemiological studies desirable. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TuMV infection of watercress in Venezuela. References: (1) A. Brunt et al. Viruses of Plants. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, UK. 1996.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Market watercress showed severe leaf distortion, chlorosis and mosaic.
- Taxon
- watercress
Nasturtium officinalee0 - Outcome
- severe leaf distortion, chlorosis, and mosaice0
- Setting
- Caracase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) plants displayed in vegetable markets located in the district capital, Caracas, showed severe leaf distortion, chlorosis, and mosaic”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptomatic watercress samples contained flexuous viral particles 750 nm long.
- Taxon
- WatercressNasturtium officinalet0
- Outcome
- flexuous viral particlese0
- Value
- 750 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Watercress”
e0“Electron microscopic studies of leaf-dip preparations from symptomatic samples revealed flexuous viral particles 750 nm long”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected cells contained pinwheel inclusions and scrolls characteristic of potyvirus infection.
- Taxon
- WatercressNasturtium officinalet0
- Outcome
- pinwheel inclusions and scrollse0
PotyvirusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Watercress”
e0“Infected cells contained pinwheel inclusions and scrolls typical of those associated with infection by a potyvirus”
Claim · model-written summary
Sap transmission of the virus back to watercress reproduced the original symptoms.
- Taxon
- watercressNasturtium officinalee0
- Treatment
- sap-transmittede0
- Outcome
- symptomse0
- Comparator
- those first observede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The virus was sap-transmitted back to watercress, which developed symptoms identical to those first observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical inoculation with infected watercress sap reproduced symptoms on Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- mechanical inoculation with watercress-infected sape0
- Outcome
- Disease symptomse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disease symptoms were also reproduced on Nicotiana benthamiana using mechanical inoculation with watercress-infected sap”
Claim · model-written summary
TuMV was detected in 88% of 100 market samples.
- Taxon
- WatercressNasturtium officinalet0
- Interactor
- TuMV
Turnip mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- TuMV was detectede0
- Value
- 88%e0
- Qualifier
- 100 samples taken from 18 markets on a single daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Watercress”
e0“TuMV was detected in 88% of 100 samples taken from 18 markets on a single day”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptoms were seen in every market during monthly visits for six months.
- Taxon
- WatercressNasturtium officinalet0
- Outcome
- Symptoms were noted in every markete0
- Qualifier
- once a month during a 6-month periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Watercress”
e0“Symptoms were noted in every market when visited once a month during a 6-month period”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report the first TuMV infection of watercress in Venezuela.
- Taxon
- watercressNasturtium officinalee0
- Interactor
- TuMVTurnip mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- TuMV infectione0
- Setting
- Venezuelae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this is the first report of TuMV infection of watercress in Venezuela”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend further epidemiological studies of TuMV-infected watercress.
- Taxon
- watercressNasturtium officinalee0
- Interactor
- TuMVTurnip mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- further epidemiological studiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high percentage of TuMV-infected watercress in the 18 local markets (all 10 to 11 km from watercress fields) makes further epidemiological studies desirable”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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