Abstract
Abstract Previous research indicated that tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) may respond to sulfur (S) fertilization. However, data are limited concerning S management options to improve yield and quality of newly-established, endophyte-free tall fescue. Thus, a field study was conducted from 1989 to 1991 to determine the effects of S source (ammonium thiosulfate [ATS] and ammonium sulfate [AS]); rate (17 and 34 kg S ha−1); and placement (broadcast, dribble [surface band], and knife [subsurface band]) on yield and quality of a newly-established, endophyte [Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and W. Gams) Glenn, Bacon, Price & Hanlin; syn. Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and W. Gams]-free, tall fescue. Compared to a no-fertilizer control, adding N alone more than tripled hay production to 6.09 Mg ha−1, but the addition of fertilizer S had little effect on early-season production and only a 6% increase in later hay yields with ATS. Sulfur fertilization increased tissue S concentration and lowered N/S ratios. Increasing the S rate from 17 to 34 kg ha−1 resulted in a small increase in S concentration and decrease in N/S ratio. Correlation analyses suggested that increasing S concentrations may reduce neutral-detergent fiber content and improve in vitro dry matter digestibility early in the season but not at hay harvest. Fescue sampled to simulate grazing in early spring yielded less but was higher in N/S ratios when S was knifed rather than surface applied. At hay harvest, knifing increased yield more than 10% and increased N concentration by 10 to 20% compared to surface application methods but had no effect on in vitro dry matter digestibility. 1 Contribution No. 00-233-J, Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn. Research partially supported by grant funds from the Fluid Fertilizer Foundation, Kerley Ag, Inc., The Sulphur Institute, and Allied-Signal, Inc. Acknowledgments Notes 1 Contribution No. 00-233-J, Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn. Research partially supported by grant funds from the Fluid Fertilizer Foundation, Kerley Ag, Inc., The Sulphur Institute, and Allied-Signal, Inc. * Company name is included for the benefit of the reader and does not imply any endorsement or preferential treatment by Kansas State University.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen alone more than tripled hay production relative to no fertilizer.
- Taxon
- tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceumt0 - Treatment
- adding N alonee0
- Outcome
- hay productione0
- Direction
- more than triplede0
- Value
- 6.09 Mg ha−1e0
- Comparator
- no-fertilizer controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to a no-fertilizer control, adding N alone more than tripled hay production to 6.09 Mg ha−1”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur fertilizer had little effect on early season production.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- fertilizer Se0
- Outcome
- early-season productione0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of fertilizer S had little effect on early-season production”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
ATS increased later hay yield by 6%.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- ATSe0
- Outcome
- later hay yieldse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only a 6% increase in later hay yields with ATS”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur fertilization increased tissue sulfur and lowered N/S ratios.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Sulfur fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- tissue S concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur fertilization increased tissue S concentration and lowered N/S ratios”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur fertilization lowered N/S ratios.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Sulfur fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- N/S ratiose0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur fertilization increased tissue S concentration and lowered N/S ratios”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising the sulfur rate slightly increased sulfur concentration.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- 34 kg ha−1e0
- Outcome
- S concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- 17e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the S rate from 17 to 34 kg ha−1 resulted in a small increase in S concentration and decrease in N/S ratio”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising the sulfur rate decreased the N/S ratio.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- 34 kg ha−1e0
- Outcome
- N/S ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- 17e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the S rate from 17 to 34 kg ha−1 resulted in a small increase in S concentration and decrease in N/S ratio”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher sulfur concentration may lower neutral detergent fiber early in the season.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Compound
- Se0
- Outcome
- neutral-detergent fiber contente0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Qualifier
- early in the season but not at hay harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing S concentrations may reduce neutral-detergent fiber content and improve in vitro dry matter digestibility early in the season but not at hay harvest”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher sulfur concentration may improve digestibility early in the season.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Compound
- Se0
- Outcome
- in vitro dry matter digestibilitye0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- early in the season but not at hay harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing S concentrations may reduce neutral-detergent fiber content and improve in vitro dry matter digestibility early in the season but not at hay harvest”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Knifing reduced early spring simulated grazing yield relative to surface application.
Verbatim
e0“Fescue sampled to simulate grazing in early spring yielded less but was higher in N/S ratios when S was knifed rather than surface applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Knifing raised early spring N/S ratios relative to surface application.
Verbatim
e0“Fescue sampled to simulate grazing in early spring yielded less but was higher in N/S ratios when S was knifed rather than surface applied”
Claim · model-written summary
At hay harvest knifing increased yield by more than 10%.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- knifinge0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- more than 10%e0
- Comparator
- surface application methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At hay harvest, knifing increased yield more than 10% and increased N concentration by 10 to 20% compared to surface application methods”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
At hay harvest knifing increased nitrogen concentration by 10 to 20%.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- knifinge0
- Outcome
- N concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10 to 20%e0
- Comparator
- surface application methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At hay harvest, knifing increased yield more than 10% and increased N concentration by 10 to 20% compared to surface application methods”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
Claim · model-written summary
Knifing had no effect on digestibility at hay harvest.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- knifinge0
- Outcome
- in vitro dry matter digestibilitye0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Comparator
- surface application methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“knifing increased yield more than 10% and increased N concentration by 10 to 20% compared to surface application methods but had no effect on in vitro dry matter digestibility”
t0“TALL FESCUE”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Positive and negative results
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