Abstract
Abstract An increasing group of weed pests in U.S. cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) are the perennial grasses which can be controlled with glyphosate [ N ‐phosphonomethyl) glycine], but cotton is also sensitive to this herbicide. Field studies were initiated to determine if certain cotton genotypes could be selected with sufficient tolerance to glyphosate to allow its use in a cotton‐weed control program. In 1974,405 genotypes were evaluated for tolerance to glyphosate at rates of 0.84, 1.68, and 3.36 kg/ha applied as an over‐the‐top treatment in the early bloom stage. In 1975, 24 genotypes selected from 1974 studies were screened at rates of 0.56 and 0.84 kg/ha of glyphosate ap lied over‐the‐top of cotton plants. Six genotypes selected from previous studies were evaluated with glyphosate applied over‐the‐top or directed under cotton plants 50 to 62 cm in height in the very early square stage. Glyphosate toxicity varied with cotton genotypes and increased with increasing rates. In 1976 and 1977, all genotypes that received an over‐the‐top treatment of glyphosate yielded significantly less seed cotton than the untreated checks. Glyphosate applied as a directed post‐emergence treatment did not cause significant injury symptoms in treated cotton, however, none of the treated genotypes produced seed cotton yields equal to their untreated controls. Cotton injury was only 10% or less when the herbicide was directed to the base of the plants as compared with 65 to 80%, injury when the herbicide was applied over‐the‐top. Two genotypes (DES 04‐11 and DES 04‐606) yielded over 100% of their untreated controls when one or two separate applications of 0.56 kg/ha of glyphosate was directed to the base of the cotton plants in 1977. The increase in yield of these two genotypes was not significant, but indicated a level of glyphosate tolerance which could be used in the development of commercial cultivars possessing enough tolerance to glyphosate to allow its use for perennial weed control in cotton.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate toxicity varied among cotton genotypes.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Material
- cotton genotypese0
- Outcome
- Glyphosate toxicitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate toxicity varied with cotton genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate toxicity rose with increasing rates.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- increasing ratese0
- Outcome
- toxicitye1
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased with increasing rates”
t0“Cotton”
e1“Glyphosate toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Over-the-top glyphosate reduced seed cotton yield relative to untreated checks in 1976 and 1977.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- over‐the‐top treatment of glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- seed cottone0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- untreated checkse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1976 and 1977, all genotypes that received an over‐the‐top treatment of glyphosate yielded significantly less seed cotton than the untreated checks”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Directed post-emergence glyphosate produced no significant injury symptoms.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate applied as a directed post‐emergence treatmente0
- Outcome
- injury symptomse0
- Direction
- did not causee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate applied as a directed post‐emergence treatment did not cause significant injury symptoms in treated cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Directed glyphosate treatments yielded less seed cotton than untreated controls.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- treated genotypese0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse0
- Direction
- none of the treated genotypes produced seed cotton yields equal toe0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“none of the treated genotypes produced seed cotton yields equal to their untreated controls”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Base-directed glyphosate caused at most 10% cotton injury.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- herbicide was directed to the base of the plantse0
- Outcome
- Cotton injurye0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 10% or lesse0
- Qualifier
- 65 to 80%e0
- Comparator
- herbicide was applied over‐the‐tope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton injury was only 10% or less when the herbicide was directed to the base of the plants as compared with 65 to 80%, injury when the herbicide was applied over‐the‐top”
Claim · model-written summary
DES 04‐11 exceeded its untreated yield under base-directed glyphosate in 1977.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- DES 04‐11e0
- Treatment
- one or two separate applications of 0.56 kg/ha of glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- overe0
- Value
- over 100%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two genotypes (DES 04‐11 and DES 04‐606) yielded over 100% of their untreated controls when one or two separate applications of 0.56 kg/ha of glyphosate was directed to the base of the cotton plants in 1977”
Claim · model-written summary
DES 04‐606 exceeded its untreated yield under base-directed glyphosate in 1977.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- DES 04‐606e0
- Treatment
- one or two separate applications of 0.56 kg/ha of glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- overe0
- Value
- over 100%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two genotypes (DES 04‐11 and DES 04‐606) yielded over 100% of their untreated controls when one or two separate applications of 0.56 kg/ha of glyphosate was directed to the base of the cotton plants in 1977”
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glyphosate · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
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- negative
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6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 31 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 39 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.