Paper · 2014 · Plant Disease

Phytophthora Populations in Nursery Irrigation Water in Relationship to Pathogenicity and Infection Frequency of Rhododendron and Pieris

A. L. Loyd; D. M. Benson; K. L. Ivors

6
claims
8
verbatim quotes
38
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Phytophthora spp. are waterborne plant pathogens that are commonly found in streams, rivers, and reclaimed irrigation water. Rhododendron and Pieris trap plants at two commercial nurseries were irrigated with water naturally infested with Phytophthora spp. during the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons to assess the frequency of disease. Phytophthora spp. were consistently recovered from water samples at every collection time but detected on only 2 of the 384 trap plants during the two growing seasons. Pathogenicity assays proved that Phytophthora hydropathica and Phytophthora taxon PgChlamydo, commonly recovered taxa in irrigation water at the nurseries, were foliar pathogens of Rhododendron and Pieris; however, neither species was able to cause root rot on these same hosts. Overall, Phytophthora spp.-infested irrigation water did not act as a primary source of infection on Rhododendron and Pieris, even though foliar pathogenic species of Phytophthora were present in the water.

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Claims 6

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phytophthora was recovered from every water sampling time.

Taxon
Rhododendron and PierisRhododendronPierist0
Interactor
Phytophthora spp.Phytophthorae0pathogen
Outcome
Phytophthora spp. were consistently recovered from water samplese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pieris
Pieris · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Phytophthora
Phytophthora · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Phytophthora spp. were consistently recovered from water samples at every collection time but detected on only 2 of the 384 trap plants during the two growing seasons.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 334–501 · show in text ↑
t0

“Rhododendron and Pieris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 113–136 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phytophthora was detected on only 2 of 384 trap plants.

Taxon
Rhododendron and PierisRhododendronPierist0
Interactor
Phytophthora spp.Phytophthorae0pathogen
Outcome
detected on only 2 of the 384 trap plantse0
Value
2 of the 384e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pieris
Pieris · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Phytophthora
Phytophthora · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Phytophthora spp. were consistently recovered from water samples at every collection time but detected on only 2 of the 384 trap plants during the two growing seasons.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 334–501 · show in text ↑
t0

“Rhododendron and Pieris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 113–136 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. hydropathica was a foliar pathogen of both hosts.

Taxon
Rhododendron and PierisRhododendronPierise0
Interactor
Phytophthora hydropathicaPhytophthora honggalleglyanae0pathogen
Outcome
foliar pathogense0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pieris
Pieris · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Phytophthora hydropathica and Phytophthora taxon PgChlamydo, commonly recovered taxa in irrigation water at the nurseries, were foliar pathogens of Rhododendron and Pieris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 535–706 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. taxon PgChlamydo was a foliar pathogen of both hosts.

Taxon
Rhododendron and PierisRhododendronPierise0
Interactor
Phytophthora taxon PgChlamydoPhytophthora taxon Pgchlamydoe0pathogen
Outcome
foliar pathogense0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pieris
Pieris · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Phytophthora hydropathica and Phytophthora taxon PgChlamydo, commonly recovered taxa in irrigation water at the nurseries, were foliar pathogens of Rhododendron and Pieris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 535–706 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Neither Phytophthora taxon caused root rot on the hosts.

Taxon
Rhododendron and PierisRhododendronPierise0
Interactor
Phytophthora hydropathicaPhytophthora honggalleglyanae0pathogen
Outcome
root rote0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pieris
Pieris · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Phytophthora hydropathica and Phytophthora taxon PgChlamydo, commonly recovered taxa in irrigation water at the nurseries, were foliar pathogens of Rhododendron and Pieris; however, neither species was able to cause root rot on these same hosts.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 535–780 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Infested irrigation water was not a primary infection source.

Taxon
Rhododendron and PierisRhododendronPierise0
Interactor
Phytophthora spp.Phytophthorae0pathogen
Outcome
primary source of infectione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pieris
Pieris · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Meneerke bloem · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Phytophthora
Phytophthora · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Phytophthora spp.-infested irrigation water did not act as a primary source of infection on Rhododendron and Pieris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 790–905 · show in text ↑