Abstract
Abstract Conservation‐tillage systems produce different soil environments for corn ( Zea mays L.) growth and development than do intensive tillage systems. Development of corn hybrids specifically adapted to conservation‐tillage environments may be one way to increase and stabilize grain yield. A 2‐yr field study on a Typic Haplaquolls near Ames, IA, with four hybrids and three tillage systems (no‐till, disk, and moldboard plow) was conducted to examine the effects of tillage systems, hybrids, and their interactions on shoot and root dry weights, leaf development, mature‐plant height, final plant stand, and grain yield. Moldboard plowing or disking increased vegetative growth relative to no‐till. Hybrids responded differently to the three tillage systems only during vegetative growth. Hybrids 2 and 3 had greater increases in shoot growth in response to moldboard plowing than to disking. Hybrid 3 also had a greater increase in root dry weight and leaf stage with moldboard plowing than with disking. Response to tillage for mature‐plant measurements differed between years but not between hybrids. No‐till plots had shorter mature plant heights (1.87 m) and lower grain yields (6.98 Mg ha −1 ) than moldboard‐plowed plots (1.96 m; 8.34 Mg ha −1 ) only in 1982. Grain moistures of no‐till plots averaged over years were 28 g kg −1 greater than those of moldboard‐plowed plots. Results of this study indicate that during vegetative growth, corn hybrids respond differently to tillage systems. Further evidence of hybrid ✕ tillage interactions, however, is needed to justify development of corn hybrids adapted to specific tillage systems.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Moldboard plowing or disking increased vegetative growth relative to no-till.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- Moldboard plowing or diskinge1
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- no‐tille1
- Setting
- Ames, IAe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e1“Moldboard plowing or disking increased vegetative growth relative to no‐till”
e3“near Ames, IA”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn hybrids responded differently to the three tillage systems during vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Hybridse2
- Treatment
- three tillage systemse2
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e2“Hybrids responded differently to the three tillage systems only during vegetative growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrids 2 and 3 had greater increases in shoot growth with moldboard plowing than with disking.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Hybrids 2 and 3e3
- Treatment
- moldboard plowinge3
- Outcome
- shoot growthe3
- Direction
- greater increasese3
- Comparator
- diskinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e3“Hybrids 2 and 3 had greater increases in shoot growth in response to moldboard plowing than to disking”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid 3 had a greater increase in root dry weight and leaf stage with moldboard plowing than with disking.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Hybrid 3e4
- Treatment
- moldboard plowinge4
- Outcome
- root dry weight and leaf stagee4
- Direction
- greater increasee4
- Comparator
- diskinge4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e4“Hybrid 3 also had a greater increase in root dry weight and leaf stage with moldboard plowing than with disking”
Claim · model-written summary
Response to tillage for mature-plant measurements differed between years but not between hybrids.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- tillagee5
- Outcome
- mature‐plant measurementse5
- Direction
- differede5
- Qualifier
- between years but not between hybridse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e5“Response to tillage for mature‐plant measurements differed between years but not between hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till plots had shorter mature plant heights (1.87 m) than moldboard-plowed plots, only in 1982.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- no‐tille6
- Outcome
- mature plant heightse6
- Direction
- shortere6
- Value
- 1.87 me6
- Qualifier
- only in 1982e6
- Comparator
- moldboard‐plowed plotse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e6“No‐till plots had shorter mature plant heights (1.87 m) and lower grain yields (6.98 Mg ha −1 ) than moldboard‐plowed plots (1.96 m; 8.34 Mg ha −1 ) only in 1982”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till plots had lower grain yields than moldboard-plowed plots, only in 1982.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- no‐tille6
- Outcome
- grain yieldse6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Value
- 6.98 Mg ha −1e6
- Qualifier
- only in 1982e6
- Comparator
- moldboard‐plowed plotse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e6“No‐till plots had shorter mature plant heights (1.87 m) and lower grain yields (6.98 Mg ha −1 ) than moldboard‐plowed plots (1.96 m; 8.34 Mg ha −1 ) only in 1982”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain moisture of no-till plots averaged over years was 28 g kg-1 greater than in moldboard-plowed plots.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- no‐tille7
- Outcome
- Grain moisturese7
- Direction
- greatere7
- Value
- 28 g kg −1e7
- Qualifier
- averaged over yearse7
- Comparator
- moldboard‐plowed plotse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn Hybrids”
e7“Grain moistures of no‐till plots averaged over years were 28 g kg −1 greater than those of moldboard‐plowed plots”
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