Abstract
The role of the root apoplasm for iron acquisition was studied in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Ares) grown in nutrient solution under controlled environmental conditions. To obtain different levels of Fe in the root apoplasm, plants were supplied in the dark for 5 hours (preloading period) with various (59)Fe-labeled Fe compounds [Fe(III) hydroxide; microbial siderophores: Fe rhodotorulic acid (FeRDA) and ferrioxamin (FeDesferal(3)), and synthetic Fe chelate (FeEDDHA)], each at a concentration of 5 micromolar. Large pools of apoplasmic Fe were formed after supplying Fe(III) hydroxide or FeRDA, but no such pools were observed after supplying FeDesferal or FeEDDHA. Depending on plant Fe nutritional status (preculture +/- 0.1 millimolar FeEDTA), apoplasmic Fe was used to different extent for translocation to the shoot. Under Fe deficiency, a much greater fraction of the apoplasmic Fe was utilized than in Fe-sufficient plants, as a result of the different rates of phytosiderophore release. Because of the diurnal rhythm in release of phytosiderophores in Fe-deficient plants, the utilization of the apoplasmic Fe for translocation into the shoot started 2 hours after onset of the light period and was dependent on the concentration of Fe in the apoplasm, which followed the order: Fe(III) hydroxide >> FeRDA >> FeDesferal = FeEDDHA. From these results, it can be concluded that in soil-grown plants the apoplasmic Fe pool loaded by various indigenous Fe compounds such as siderophores in the soil solution can be an important Fe source in graminaceous species, particularly during periods of limited Fe supply from the soil.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Fe(III) hydroxide formed large root apoplasmic Fe pools.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Fe(III) hydroxidee1
- Outcome
- apoplasmic Fee1
- Direction
- Large poolse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“Large pools of apoplasmic Fe were formed after supplying Fe(III) hydroxide”
Claim · model-written summary
FeRDA formed large root apoplasmic Fe pools.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- FeRDAe1
- Outcome
- apoplasmic Fee1
- Direction
- Large poolse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“Large pools of apoplasmic Fe were formed after supplying Fe(III) hydroxide or FeRDA”
Claim · model-written summary
FeDesferal did not form large apoplasmic Fe pools.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- FeDesferale1
- Outcome
- poolse1
- Direction
- no such poolse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“no such pools were observed after supplying FeDesferal or FeEDDHA”
Claim · model-written summary
FeEDDHA did not form large apoplasmic Fe pools.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- FeEDDHAe1
- Outcome
- poolse1
- Direction
- no such poolse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“no such pools were observed after supplying FeDesferal or FeEDDHA”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe deficient plants used a greater fraction of apoplasmic Fe than Fe sufficient plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Fe deficiencye1
- Outcome
- fraction of the apoplasmic Fe was utilizede1
- Direction
- much greatere1
- Comparator
- Fe-sufficient plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“Under Fe deficiency, a much greater fraction of the apoplasmic Fe was utilized than in Fe-sufficient plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Different phytosiderophore release rates explained Fe status differences in apoplasmic Fe use.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- different rates of phytosiderophore releasee1
- Qualifier
- phytosiderophore releasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“as a result of the different rates of phytosiderophore release”
Claim · model-written summary
Apoplasmic Fe translocation began two hours after light onset in Fe deficient plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- utilization of the apoplasmic Fe for translocation into the shoote1
- Value
- 2 hourse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“the utilization of the apoplasmic Fe for translocation into the shoot started 2 hours after onset of the light period”
Claim · model-written summary
Apoplasmic Fe use depended on Fe concentration and ranked Fe(III) hydroxide above FeRDA above FeDesferal and FeEDDHA.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Compound
- Fe(III) hydroxide >> FeRDA >> FeDesferal = FeEDDHAe1
- Outcome
- concentration of Fe in the apoplasme1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“dependent on the concentration of Fe in the apoplasm, which followed the order: Fe(III) hydroxide >> FeRDA >> FeDesferal = FeEDDHA”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil apoplasmic Fe pools may be an important Fe source for grasses under limited soil Fe.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- important Fe sourcee1
- Qualifier
- particularly during periods of limited Fe supply from the soile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat”
e1“the apoplasmic Fe pool loaded by various indigenous Fe compounds such as siderophores in the soil solution can be an important Fe source in graminaceous species, particularly during periods of limited Fe supply from the soil”
The same questions in other papers
iron atom · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
60 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
70 papers more in this group
See all 74 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.