Abstract
A pot culture study was conducted to assess the ameliorative effect of silicon, Melia azadirachta leaf extract, and sugar beet root extract, each applied individually or in different combinations, on salinity-induced detrimental effects in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Salinity markedly inhibited the growth, various gas exchange attributes, total phenol contents, membrane stability index, and productivity. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content, antioxidant activities, and leaf free proline and glycinebetaine contents were significantly enhanced by salinity. However, exogenously applied Si and phyto-extracts markedly alleviated the salinity-induced drastic effects on growth, gas exchange attributes, and productivity. Both phyto-extracts supplemented with silicon gave highly salinity mitigating effects by markedly improving growth, gas exchange attributes, enzymatic activities, osmolytes, and yield. The phyto-extracts and Si suppressed lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 content by strengthening the enzymatic and nonenzymatic (proline and glycinebetaine) antioxidant defense system. The phyto-extracts and Si application also checked the root/leaf sodium and chloride contents, but improved the silicon contents. Thus, it can be concluded that exogenous application of silicon in combination with phyto-extracts of M. Azadirachta and sugar beet is a highly effective ameliorative approach to alleviate salinity-induced hazardous effects in plants, especially in pea, grown under a saline regime.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity inhibited pea growth, gas exchange, phenol content, membrane stability and productivity.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse1 - Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- growth, various gas exchange attributes, total phenol contents, membrane stability index, and productivitye0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity markedly inhibited the growth, various gas exchange attributes, total phenol contents, membrane stability index, and productivity”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly increased lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage and H2O2 content in pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, H2O2 contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content, antioxidant activities, and leaf free proline and glycinebetaine contents were significantly enhanced by salinity”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly increased antioxidant activity and leaf proline and glycinebetaine content in pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activities, and leaf free proline and glycinebetaine contentse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“antioxidant activities, and leaf free proline and glycinebetaine contents were significantly enhanced by salinity”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied silicon alleviated salinity effects on pea growth, gas exchange and productivity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- growth, gas exchange attributes, and productivitye0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenously applied Si and phyto-extracts markedly alleviated the salinity-induced drastic effects on growth, gas exchange attributes, and productivity”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied phyto-extracts alleviated salinity effects on pea growth, gas exchange and productivity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- phyto-extractse0
- Outcome
- growth, gas exchange attributes, and productivitye0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenously applied Si and phyto-extracts markedly alleviated the salinity-induced drastic effects on growth, gas exchange attributes, and productivity”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon-supplemented phyto-extracts improved growth, gas exchange and yield under salinity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- phyto-extracts supplemented with silicone0
- Outcome
- growth, gas exchange attributes, enzymatic activities, osmolytes, and yielde0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both phyto-extracts supplemented with silicon gave highly salinity mitigating effects by markedly improving growth, gas exchange attributes, enzymatic activities, osmolytes, and yield”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon-supplemented phyto-extracts improved enzymatic activities and osmolytes under salinity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- phyto-extracts supplemented with silicone0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activities, osmolytese0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both phyto-extracts supplemented with silicon gave highly salinity mitigating effects by markedly improving growth, gas exchange attributes, enzymatic activities, osmolytes, and yield”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phyto-extracts and silicon suppressed lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage and H2O2 content.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- phyto-extracts and Sie0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 contente0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phyto-extracts and Si suppressed lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 content”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed that suppression to stronger enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse2
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 contente1
- Qualifier
- enzymatic and nonenzymatic (proline and glycinebetaine) antioxidant defense systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by strengthening the enzymatic and nonenzymatic (proline and glycinebetaine) antioxidant defense system”
e1“suppressed lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 content”
e2“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phyto-extracts and silicon limited root and leaf sodium and chloride contents.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- phyto-extracts and Si applicatione0
- Outcome
- root/leaf sodium and chloride contentse0
- Direction
- checkede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phyto-extracts and Si application also checked the root/leaf sodium and chloride contents”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phyto-extracts and silicon improved pea silicon content.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- phyto-extracts and Si applicatione0
- Outcome
- silicon contentse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phyto-extracts and Si application also checked the root/leaf sodium and chloride contents, but improved the silicon contents”
e1“pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended silicon combined with phyto-extracts to alleviate salinity effects in pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- exogenous application of silicon in combination with phyto-extracts of M. Azadirachta and sugar beete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous application of silicon in combination with phyto-extracts of M. Azadirachta and sugar beet is a highly effective ameliorative approach to alleviate salinity-induced hazardous effects in plants, especially in pea, grown under a saline regime”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.