Abstract
Summary: Résumé: Zusammenfassung The aim of this experiment was to compare the growth strategies of Rumex obtusifolius L. and Lolium perenne L. at the seedling stage under different constant photon flux densities. Both species were grown simultaneously in growth chambers (20/15°C) at 50, 150 and 500 μmol m −2 s −1 and sampled on six occasions between the 14th and 34th day after seedling emergence. The relative growth rate of R. obtusifolius always exceeded that of L. perenne. R. obtusifolius allocated more dry matter to the leaves, thus resulting in an increase in specific leaf area and, consequently, leaf area ratio. The decrease in the relative growth rate that resulted from reducing the photon flux density from 500 to 50 μmol m −2 s −1 was lower for R. obtusifolius (−38%) than for L. perenne (−53%). The weed was less sensitive that the grass to the reduction in light intensity, mainly because its specific leaf area increased more and because its net assimilation rate decreased less. The results show that seedlings of R. obtusifolius are able to maximize dry matter production at a low photon flux density. This suggests that the establishment of R. obtusifolius seedlings cannot be prevented by the shade of an established sward. Comparaison de la croissance de R. obtusifolius L. et de L. perenne L. sous différentes densités de flux de photons Le but de cet essai était de comparer la stratégie de croissance de plantules de R. obtusifolius et de L. perenne sous différentes densités de flux de photons. Les deux espèces ont été cultivées simultanément en chambres de croissance (20/15°C) à 50, 150 et 500 μmol m −2 s −1 et récoltées à six reprises entre le 14 e et le 34 e jour après la lev e e. Le taux de croissance relatif de R. obtusifolius a toujours été supérieur à celui de L. perenne. Nous avons observé chez R. obtusifolius un investissement plus important en matière sèche dans les feuilles ainsi qu'une surface foliaire spécifique et, par conséquent, un rapport surface foliaire/poids sec total plus élevés. La diminution du taux de croissance relatif consécutive à la réduction de la densité du flux de photons de 500 à 50 μmol m −2 s −1 fut plus faible chez R. obtusifolius (−38%) que chez L. perenne (−53%). La dicotylédone a été moins sensible à la réduction de l'intensité lumineuse que la graminée principalement parce que sa surface foliaire spécifique a davantage augmenté et également parce que son taux net d'assimilation a moins diminué. Nos résultats montrent que les plantules de R. obtusifolius sont capables de produire un maximum de matière sèche sous une faible densité du flux de photons. Ils suggèrent que l'implantation de plantules de R. obtusifolius ne peut pas être empêchée par l'effet d'ombrage d'un couvert en place. Vergleich des Wachstums von Rumex obtusifolius L. mit Lolium perenne L. bei verschiedenen Photonen‐Bestrahlungsstärken Ziel dieses Versuches war der Vergleich der Wachstumsstrategie der Keimpflanzen von Rumex obtusifolius L. und Lolium perenne L. bei verschiedenen konstanten Photonen‐Bestrahlungsstärken. Beide Arten wurden gleichzeitig in Klimakammern (20/15 °C) bei 50, 150 und 500 pimol m −2 s −1 kultiviert, und zwischen dem 14 und 34. Tag nach dem Auflaufen wurden 6 Teilernten genommen. Die relative Wachstumsrate von R. obtusifolius war jener von L. perenne immer überlegen. R. obtusifolius transportierte mehr Trockensubstanz in die Blätter; die spezifische Blattfläche stieg an, und der Anteil Blattfläche an der gesamten Trockensubstanz nahm zu. Wurde die Photonen‐Bestrahlungsstärke von 500 auf 50 μmol m −2 s −1 gesenkt, nahm die relative Wachstumsrate bei R. obtusifolius um 38% und bei L. perenne um 53% ab. Der Ampfer reagierte auf die Reduktion der Lichtintensität weniger empfindlich als das Gras, hauptsächlich weil sie ihre spezifische Blattfläche stärker erhöhte und die Nettoassimüationsrate weniger reduzierte. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Keimpflanzen von R. obtusifolius in der Lage sind, auch bei niedrigen Photonen‐Bestrahlungsstärken die Trockensubstanzproduktion zu maximieren. Es wird daher vermutet, daß unter dem Schatten eines Pflanzenbestandes das Etablieren der Keimpflanzen von R. obtusifolius nicht verhindert werden kann.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Rumex relative growth rate always exceeded Lolium.
- Taxon
- R. obtusifolius
Rumex obtusifoliuse0 - Outcome
- relative growth ratee0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Comparator
- L. perennee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The relative growth rate of R. obtusifolius always exceeded that of L. perenne.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rumex allocated more dry matter to leaves than Lolium.
- Taxon
- R. obtusifolius
Rumex obtusifoliuse0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- dry matter to the leavese0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“R. obtusifolius allocated more dry matter to the leaves, thus resulting in an increase in specific leaf area and, consequently, leaf area ratio.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rumex specific leaf area and leaf area ratio increased.
- Taxon
- R. obtusifolius
Rumex obtusifoliuse0 - Outcome
- specific leaf area and, consequently, leaf area ratioe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“R. obtusifolius allocated more dry matter to the leaves, thus resulting in an increase in specific leaf area and, consequently, leaf area ratio.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing photon flux density decreased Rumex relative growth rate by 38%.
- Taxon
- R. obtusifolius
Rumex obtusifoliuse0 - Treatment
- reducing the photon flux density from 500 to 50 μmol m −2 s −1e0
- Outcome
- relative growth ratee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- −38%e0
- Comparator
- 500e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The decrease in the relative growth rate that resulted from reducing the photon flux density from 500 to 50 μmol m −2 s −1 was lower for R. obtusifolius (−38%) than for L. perenne (−53%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing photon flux density decreased Lolium relative growth rate by 53%.
- Taxon
- L. perenne
Lolium perennee0 - Treatment
- reducing the photon flux density from 500 to 50 μmol m −2 s −1e0
- Outcome
- relative growth ratee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- −53%e0
- Comparator
- 500e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The decrease in the relative growth rate that resulted from reducing the photon flux density from 500 to 50 μmol m −2 s −1 was lower for R. obtusifolius (−38%) than for L. perenne (−53%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Rumex net assimilation rate decreased less than the grass under reduced light.
- Taxon
- Rumex obtusifolius L.
Rumex obtusifoliust0 - Treatment
- reduction in light intensitye0
- Outcome
- net assimilation ratee0
- Direction
- decreased lesse0
- Comparator
- the grasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The weed was less sensitive that the grass to the reduction in light intensity, mainly because its specific leaf area increased more and because its net assimilation rate decreased less.”
t0“Rumex obtusifolius L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rumex seedlings maximized dry matter production at low photon flux density.
- Taxon
- R. obtusifolius
Rumex obtusifoliuse0 - Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- maximizee0
- Qualifier
- at a low photon flux densitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“seedlings of R. obtusifolius are able to maximize dry matter production at a low photon flux density.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade of an established sward may not prevent Rumex seedling establishment.
- Taxon
- R. obtusifolius
Rumex obtusifoliuse0 - Outcome
- establishment of R. obtusifolius seedlingse0
- Qualifier
- shade of an established swarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“This suggests that the establishment of R. obtusifolius seedlings cannot be prevented by the shade of an established sward.”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Rumex obtusifolius (bitter dock)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
light · growth · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.