Abstract
Profitability assessment has prime importance for every crop husbandry practice and cultural operation. For this purpose, two field experiment was carried out to investigate the response of spring planted sunflower hybrids to different irrigation levels/schedules and foliar application of abscisic acid. Two studies were done at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. In first study, three irrigation schedules viz. four irrigations (25 DAS, bud initiation, flower initiation and achene formation), three irrigations (25 DAS, flower initiation and achene formation) and three irrigations (25 DAS, bud initiation and achene formation) were used. Sunflower hybrid Hysun-33 was subjected to exogenous application of different concentrations (0, 5μm and 10μm) of ABA at bud initiation or at flower initiation. In second study, Three sunflower hybrids viz. DK-4040 (large stature), S-278 (medium stature) and SF-187 (short stature) were subjected to different irrigation regimes and ABA applications i.e., four irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at bud initiation, flower initiation and achene formation and with no ABA spray, three irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at flower initiation and achene formation and with no ABA spray, three irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at flower initiation and achene formation and with ABA spray at bud initiation, three irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at bud initiation and achene formation and with no ABA spray, three irrigations; (25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at bud initiation and achene formation and with ABA spray at flower initiation. In first study, It was observed that three irrigations (25 DAS, at flower initiation and at achene formation), when 5μM ABA was applied at bud initiation under drought resulted in more profitable as compared to exogenous application of same concentration of ABA at flower initiation. So, it is suggested that three irrigations (25 DAS, at flower initiation and at achene formation), with foliar spray of 5μM ABA should be applied at bud initiation under drought. In second study, the dominance and marginal analysis about sunflower hybrids revealed that maximum Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) in sunflower hybrids was observed in T1 (control). Drought stress at bud initiation or at flower initiation reduced marginal rate of return. ABA application to DK-4040 under drought at bud initiation showed more increase in MRR than SF-187 and S-278.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Three irrigations with 5μM ABA applied at bud initiation under drought were more profitable than the same ABA applied at flower initiation.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- 5μM ABA was applied at bud initiation under droughte1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Direction
- more profitablee1
- Qualifier
- three irrigations (25 DAS, at flower initiation and at achene formation)e1
- Comparator
- exogenous application of same concentration of ABA at flower initiatione1
- Setting
- Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistane2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“three irrigations (25 DAS, at flower initiation and at achene formation), when 5μM ABA was applied at bud initiation under drought resulted in more profitable as compared to exogenous application of same concentration of ABA at flower initiation”
e2“Two studies were done at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan”
Claim · model-written summary
Three irrigations with foliar spray of 5μM ABA at bud initiation under drought are recommended.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- foliar spray of 5μM ABA should be applied at bud initiation under droughte3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e3“So, it is suggested that three irrigations (25 DAS, at flower initiation and at achene formation), with foliar spray of 5μM ABA should be applied at bud initiation under drought”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum Marginal Rate of Return in sunflower hybrids was observed in the control.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- T1 (control)e4
- Outcome
- Marginal Rate of Return (MRR)e4
- Direction
- maximume4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e4“the dominance and marginal analysis about sunflower hybrids revealed that maximum Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) in sunflower hybrids was observed in T1 (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress at bud initiation reduced the marginal rate of return.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Drought stress at bud initiatione5
- Outcome
- marginal rate of returne5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e5“Drought stress at bud initiation or at flower initiation reduced marginal rate of return”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress at flower initiation reduced the marginal rate of return.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- at flower initiatione5
- Outcome
- marginal rate of returne5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Qualifier
- Drought stress at bud initiation or at flower initiatione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e5“Drought stress at bud initiation or at flower initiation reduced marginal rate of return”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA applied to DK-4040 under drought at bud initiation gave a larger MRR increase than SF-187 and S-278.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- DK-4040e6
- Treatment
- ABA application to DK-4040 under drought at bud initiatione6
- Outcome
- MRRe6
- Direction
- more increasee6
- Comparator
- SF-187 and S-278e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e6“ABA application to DK-4040 under drought at bud initiation showed more increase in MRR than SF-187 and S-278”
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See all 75 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.