Paper · 1961 · Journal of Economic Entomology

Preferred Feeding and Egg Laying Sites of the Boll Weevil and the Effect of Weevil Damage on the Cotton Plant

E. P. Lloyd; J. L. Mcmeans; M. E. Merkl

7
claims
15
verbatim quotes
11
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

During 1958 studies of the preferred feeding and egg-laying sites of the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boheman) were conducted at Stoneville, Miss. Females damaged the fruit of the cotton plant more than males. The preferred feeding and egg-laying sites were the squares on the upper half of the plants when the population was low. As the population increased, small bolls were damaged as well as squares; the damage was intensified on the upper portions of the plants and reached into the lower fruiting branches. Bolls from 1 to 19 days old were subject to weevil damage. Exposure of the cotton plant to feeding and egg laying by the boll weevil for 4 or 5 days resulted initially in increased square abscission and slightly reduced boll abscission. No difference occurred in total boll set for the entire season between the test and check plants.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Female weevils damaged cotton fruit more than males.

Taxon
cotton plantGossypium hirsutume0
Interactor
boll weevilAnthonomus grandist0pest
Outcome
fruit of the cotton plante0
Direction
moree0
Comparator
malese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Anthonomus grandis
Anthonomus grandis · InteractorAgricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture . · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Females damaged the fruit of the cotton plant more than males.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 150–212 · show in text ↑
t0

“boll weevil”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 46–57 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At low population, weevils preferred upper squares for feeding and egg laying.

Taxon
cotton plantGossypium hirsutumt0
Organ / stage
squarese0
Interactor
boll weevilAnthonomus grandist1pest
Outcome
preferred feeding and egg-laying sitese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Anthonomus grandis
Anthonomus grandis · InteractorAgricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture . · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The preferred feeding and egg-laying sites were the squares on the upper half of the plants when the population was low.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 213–333 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cotton Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–109 · show in text ↑
t1

“Boll Weevil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–57 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

With higher weevil population, damage extended to small bolls and lower branches.

Taxon
cotton plantGossypium hirsutumt0
Interactor
boll weevilAnthonomus grandist1pest
Outcome
small bolls were damagede0
Direction
intensifiede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Anthonomus grandis
Anthonomus grandis · InteractorAgricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture . · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“As the population increased, small bolls were damaged as well as squares; the damage was intensified on the upper portions of the plants and reached into the lower fruiting branches.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 334–516 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cotton Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–109 · show in text ↑
t1

“Boll Weevil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–57 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bolls aged 1 to 19 days were susceptible to weevil damage.

Taxon
cotton plantGossypium hirsutumt0
Organ / stage
Bollse0
Interactor
boll weevilAnthonomus grandist1pest
Outcome
weevil damagee0
Qualifier
1 to 19 days olde0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Anthonomus grandis
Anthonomus grandis · InteractorAgricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture . · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Bolls from 1 to 19 days old were subject to weevil damage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 517–575 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cotton Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–109 · show in text ↑
t1

“Boll Weevil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–57 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Four or five days of weevil exposure initially increased square abscission.

Taxon
cotton plantGossypium hirsutume0
Treatment
Exposure of the cotton plant to feeding and egg laying by the boll weevil for 4 or 5 dayse0
Interactor
boll weevilAnthonomus grandise0pest
Outcome
square abscissione0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Anthonomus grandis
Anthonomus grandis · InteractorAgricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture . · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Exposure of the cotton plant to feeding and egg laying by the boll weevil for 4 or 5 days resulted initially in increased square abscission and slightly reduced boll abscission.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 576–753 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Four or five days of weevil exposure slightly reduced boll abscission.

Taxon
cotton plantGossypium hirsutume0
Treatment
Exposure of the cotton plant to feeding and egg laying by the boll weevil for 4 or 5 dayse0
Interactor
boll weevilAnthonomus grandise0pest
Outcome
boll abscissione0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Anthonomus grandis
Anthonomus grandis · InteractorAgricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture . · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Exposure of the cotton plant to feeding and egg laying by the boll weevil for 4 or 5 days resulted initially in increased square abscission and slightly reduced boll abscission.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 576–753 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seasonal total boll set did not differ between test and check plants.

Taxon
cotton plantGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment
teste0
Outcome
total boll sete0
Direction
No differencee0
Comparator
check plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“No difference occurred in total boll set for the entire season between the test and check plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 754–851 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cotton Plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–109 · show in text ↑

Anthonomus grandis · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

infection · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

17 papers: 5 positive, 12 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

13 papers more in this group

See all 17 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.