Abstract
In 1961 and 1962 two sets of experiments were initiated with acute irradiation of the 2-row barley variety Foma grown in the Bogesund gamma field. Sector-shaped plots were treated during 24 hours, one at a time, at ontogenetic stages defined as tillering (in 1962 early and late tillering), meiosis, and spike emergence. The most profound effects in the year of treatment (γ1) were achieved after irradiation at meiosis. The comparatively small effects of treatments at tillering were ascribed to counterselection. As a consequence of this selection the yield of mutations per unit of irradiation decreased by increasing dosage. The irradiations at meiosis yielded comparatively many mutants, most of them affecting seed set ability. The mutation yield per unit of radiation seems to decrease by increased doses, at least for the treatments where some material survived the irradiation. In the material irradiated at spike emergence, most mutations, too, were those affecting fertility but not to the same extent as after treatments of meiosis. The mutation yield per radiation unit did not decrease in the same way as for the tillering and meiosis treatments. Comparisons between the ontogenetic stages studied showed that the spike emergence stage is the stage to be preferred from a methodological and practical point of view. This proposal is based on the findings (i) that the selection against induced changes was less pronounced than in the tillering and meiosis treatments, and (ii) that the relative proportion of mutations not reducing fertility was greater than in the material irradiated at meiosis.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation at meiosis had the strongest effects in the treatment year.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- irradiation at meiosise0
- Outcome
- effects in the year of treatmente0
- Direction
- most profounde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The most profound effects in the year of treatment (γ1) were achieved after irradiation at meiosis”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation at tillering had comparatively small effects, attributed to counterselection.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- treatments at tilleringe0
- Outcome
- effectse0
- Direction
- comparatively smalle0
- Qualifier
- counterselectione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The comparatively small effects of treatments at tillering were ascribed to counterselection”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation yield per irradiation unit decreased with increasing dose.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- increasing dosagee0
- Outcome
- yield of mutations per unit of irradiatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield of mutations per unit of irradiation decreased by increasing dosage”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Meiosis irradiation produced comparatively many mutants, mostly affecting seed set.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- irradiations at meiosise0
- Outcome
- mutantse0
- Direction
- comparatively manye0
- Qualifier
- most of them affecting seed set abilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The irradiations at meiosis yielded comparatively many mutants, most of them affecting seed set ability”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
In surviving material, mutation yield per radiation unit appeared to decrease with dose.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- increased dosese0
- Outcome
- mutation yield per unit of radiatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- at least for the treatments where some material survived the irradiatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mutation yield per unit of radiation seems to decrease by increased doses, at least for the treatments where some material survived the irradiation”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Spike-emergence irradiation mostly produced fertility-affecting mutations, less so than meiosis irradiation.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- irradiated at spike emergencee0
- Outcome
- mutations, too, were those affecting fertilitye0
- Direction
- not to the same extente0
- Comparator
- treatments of meiosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the material irradiated at spike emergence, most mutations, too, were those affecting fertility but not to the same extent as after treatments of meiosis”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation yield per unit radiation at spike emergence did not decline in the same way as at tillering and meiosis.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- spike emergencee1
- Outcome
- mutation yield per radiation unite0
- Direction
- did not decreasee0
- Comparator
- tillering and meiosis treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mutation yield per radiation unit did not decrease in the same way as for the tillering and meiosis treatments”
t0“barley”
e1“In the material irradiated at spike emergence, most mutations, too, were those affecting fertility but not to the same extent as after treatments of meiosis”
Claim · model-written summary
Selection against induced changes was less pronounced after spike-emergence treatment.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- spike emergencee1
- Outcome
- selection against induced changese0
- Direction
- less pronouncede0
- Comparator
- tillering and meiosis treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the selection against induced changes was less pronounced than in the tillering and meiosis treatments”
t0“barley”
e1“In the material irradiated at spike emergence, most mutations, too, were those affecting fertility but not to the same extent as after treatments of meiosis”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of mutations preserving fertility was greater after spike-emergence than meiosis irradiation.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- spike emergencee1
- Outcome
- relative proportion of mutations not reducing fertilitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- material irradiated at meiosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the relative proportion of mutations not reducing fertility was greater than in the material irradiated at meiosis”
t0“barley”
e1“In the material irradiated at spike emergence, most mutations, too, were those affecting fertility but not to the same extent as after treatments of meiosis”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors prefer spike-emergence irradiation methodologically and practically.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- spike emergence stagee0
- Direction
- preferrede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the spike emergence stage is the stage to be preferred from a methodological and practical point of view”
t0“barley”