Abstract
The effects of Al, Cd and pH on growth, photosynthesis, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and some antioxidant enzyme activities of the two soybean cultivars with different Al tolerance were determined using a hydroponic culture. There were six treatments as follows: pH 6.5; pH 4.0; pH 6.5 + 1.0 µM Cd; pH 4.0 + 1.0 µM Cd; pH 4.0 + 150 µM Al; pH 4.0 + 1.0 µM Cd + 150 µM Al. The results showed that the low pH (4.0) and Al treatments caused marked reduction in the growth (root and shoot length and dry mass), chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and net photosynthetic rate. Higher malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were detected in the plants exposed to both Al and Cd than in those exposed to Al treatment alone. An expressive enhancement of SOD and POD was observed in the plants exposed to 150 µM Al in the comparison with the control plants, especially in Al-sensitive cv. Zhechun 2 which had also significantly higher Al and Cd content than Al tolerant cv. Liao-1. Cd addition increased Al content in the plants exposed to Al + Cd stress, and cv. Zhechun 2 had relatively lower Al content. The present research indicated that Al and Cd are synergistic in their effects on plant growth and some physiological traits.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Low pH and Al treatments reduced root and shoot length and dry mass of soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- low pH (4.0) and Al treatmentse1
- Outcome
- root and shoot length and dry masse1
- Direction
- reductione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e1“low pH (4.0) and Al treatments caused marked reduction in the growth (root and shoot length and dry mass), chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and net photosynthetic rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Low pH and Al treatments reduced chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- low pH (4.0) and Al treatmentse1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and net photosynthetic ratee1
- Direction
- reductione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e1“low pH (4.0) and Al treatments caused marked reduction in the growth (root and shoot length and dry mass), chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and net photosynthetic rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants exposed to both Al and Cd had higher malondialdehyde content than plants exposed to Al alone.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Al and Cde2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde contente2
- Direction
- Highere2
- Comparator
- Al treatment alonee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e2“Higher malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were detected in the plants exposed to both Al and Cd than in those exposed to Al treatment alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants exposed to both Al and Cd had higher superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities than plants exposed to Al alone.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Al and Cde2
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activitiese2
- Direction
- Highere2
- Comparator
- Al treatment alonee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e2“Higher malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were detected in the plants exposed to both Al and Cd than in those exposed to Al treatment alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 150 µM Al enhanced SOD and POD activity in soybean compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 150 µM Ale3
- Outcome
- SOD and PODe3
- Direction
- enhancemente3
- Comparator
- control plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e3“An expressive enhancement of SOD and POD was observed in the plants exposed to 150 µM Al in the comparison with the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Al-sensitive cultivar Zhechun 2 had significantly higher Al and Cd content than Al-tolerant cultivar Liao-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Zhechun 2e4
- Outcome
- Al and Cd contente4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- Al tolerant cv. Liao-1e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e4“cv. Zhechun 2 which had also significantly higher Al and Cd content than Al tolerant cv. Liao-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar Zhechun 2 had relatively lower Al content under Al + Cd stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Zhechun 2e5
- Outcome
- Al contente5
- Direction
- lowere5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e5“Cd addition increased Al content in the plants exposed to Al + Cd stress, and cv. Zhechun 2 had relatively lower Al content”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd addition increased Al content in soybean plants exposed to Al + Cd stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cd additione5
- Outcome
- Al contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e5“Cd addition increased Al content in the plants exposed to Al + Cd stress, and cv. Zhechun 2 had relatively lower Al content”
Claim · model-written summary
Al and Cd are synergistic in their effects on soybean growth and some physiological traits.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Al and Cde6
- Outcome
- effects on plant growth and some physiological traitse6
- Qualifier
- synergistice6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in soybean”
e6“Al and Cd are synergistic in their effects on plant growth and some physiological traits”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.