Abstract
Abstract Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L). Lower Ni2+ concentration (25 µmol/L) stimulated general growth up to 20 d. Nickel (Ni)-free plants showed nodulation (average 27 per plant), but the frequency went down to 82% even in 100 µmol/L Ni2+. The Ni2+ concentration, when raised to 200 or 300 µmol/L, inhibited nodulation completely. The Ni2+ accumulation in P. sativum was concentration- and time-dependent. External Ni2+ concentration (200 or 300 µmol/L) contributed cation buildup of 34 µg g−1 dw, average. The root/shoot share of Ni2+ was invariably 60 : 40 indicating that 40% of Ni2+ accumulated gets translocated to foliar parts. Proline biosynthesis in plants was promoted by 3.36-fold. A 40:60 root/shoot share of this amino acid infers that it is synthesized primarily in foliar parts and can be adopted as a reliable metal-stress indicator. The Ni2+ load invariably lowered thiol biosynthesis in P. sativum with the exception of a 1.14-fold stimulation by the lowest Ni2+ dose (25 µmol/L) during the first 5 d. However, plants failed to sustain this stimulation any longer as the level paralleled the Ni-free control during subsequent growth. Urease activity increased to a maximum of 24.7 µmol g−1 dw during 20 d although it declined to 22.4 units at the end of the experiment (30 d). The marginal stimulation of urease by Ni2+ can be arranged as 100 > 25 > 0 > 200 > 300 µmol/L. Pisum sativum roots even at the seedling stage, had double the amount of urease as shoots. It is suggested that this may primarily be to facilitate the plant assimilation of urea from the ambient environment.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Garden pea plants were sensitive to Ni2+ at 100 to 1000 µmol/L.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)e0
- Outcome
- sensitivee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower Ni2+ concentration of 25 µmol/L stimulated general growth up to 20 d.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Lower Ni2+ concentration (25 µmol/L)e1
- Outcome
- general growthe1
- Direction
- stimulatede1
- Qualifier
- up to 20 de1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e1“Lower Ni2+ concentration (25 µmol/L) stimulated general growth up to 20 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Ni-free plants showed an average of 27 nodules per plant.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- nodulatione2
- Value
- average 27 per plante2
- Qualifier
- Nickel (Ni)-free plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e2“Nickel (Ni)-free plants showed nodulation (average 27 per plant), but the frequency went down to 82% even in 100 µmol/L Ni2+”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodulation frequency went down to 82% at 100 µmol/L Ni2+ compared with Ni-free plants.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 100 µmol/L Ni2+e2
- Outcome
- frequencye2
- Direction
- went downe2
- Value
- 82%e2
- Comparator
- Nickel (Ni)-free plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e2“Nickel (Ni)-free plants showed nodulation (average 27 per plant), but the frequency went down to 82% even in 100 µmol/L Ni2+”
Claim · model-written summary
Ni2+ at 200 or 300 µmol/L inhibited nodulation completely.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 200 or 300 µmol/Le3
- Outcome
- nodulatione3
- Direction
- inhibitede3
- Qualifier
- completelye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e3“The Ni2+ concentration, when raised to 200 or 300 µmol/L, inhibited nodulation completely”
Claim · model-written summary
Ni2+ accumulation in P. sativum was concentration- and time-dependent.
- Taxon
- P. sativumLathyrus oleraceuse4
- Outcome
- Ni2+ accumulatione4
- Qualifier
- concentration- and time-dependente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The Ni2+ accumulation in P. sativum was concentration- and time-dependent”
Claim · model-written summary
External Ni2+ at 200 or 300 µmol/L contributed a cation buildup of 34 µg g−1 dw on average.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- cation buildupe5
- Value
- 34 µg g−1 dwe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e5“External Ni2+ concentration (200 or 300 µmol/L) contributed cation buildup of 34 µg g−1 dw, average”
Claim · model-written summary
The root/shoot share of Ni2+ was 60 : 40.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- root/shoot share of Ni2+e6
- Value
- 60 : 40e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e6“The root/shoot share of Ni2+ was invariably 60 : 40 indicating that 40% of Ni2+ accumulated gets translocated to foliar parts”
Claim · model-written summary
About 40% of accumulated Ni2+ was translocated to foliar parts.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- foliar partse6
- Outcome
- translocated to foliar partse6
- Value
- 40%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e6“The root/shoot share of Ni2+ was invariably 60 : 40 indicating that 40% of Ni2+ accumulated gets translocated to foliar parts”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline biosynthesis in plants was promoted 3.36-fold.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- Proline biosynthesise7
- Direction
- promotede7
- Value
- 3.36-folde7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e7“Proline biosynthesis in plants was promoted by 3.36-fold”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline is synthesized primarily in foliar parts and can be used as a reliable metal-stress indicator.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- foliar partse1
- Outcome
- synthesized primarily in foliar partse1
- Qualifier
- reliable metal-stress indicatore1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e1“A 40:60 root/shoot share of this amino acid infers that it is synthesized primarily in foliar parts and can be adopted as a reliable metal-stress indicator”
Claim · model-written summary
Ni2+ load lowered thiol biosynthesis in P. sativum.
- Taxon
- P. sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Ni2+ loade0
- Outcome
- thiol biosynthesise0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ni2+ load invariably lowered thiol biosynthesis in P. sativum with the exception of a 1.14-fold stimulation by the lowest Ni2+ dose (25 µmol/L) during the first 5 d”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest Ni2+ dose of 25 µmol/L stimulated thiol biosynthesis 1.14-fold during the first 5 d.
- Taxon
- P. sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- lowest Ni2+ dose (25 µmol/L)e0
- Outcome
- thiol biosynthesise0
- Direction
- stimulatione0
- Value
- 1.14-folde0
- Qualifier
- during the first 5 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ni2+ load invariably lowered thiol biosynthesis in P. sativum with the exception of a 1.14-fold stimulation by the lowest Ni2+ dose (25 µmol/L) during the first 5 d”
Claim · model-written summary
The stimulation of thiol biosynthesis was not sustained: the level paralleled the Ni-free control during subsequent growth.
- Taxon
- P. sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Ni2+ loade0
- Outcome
- thiol biosynthesise0
- Direction
- parallelede1
- Qualifier
- during subsequent growthe1
- Comparator
- Ni-free controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ni2+ load invariably lowered thiol biosynthesis in P. sativum with the exception of a 1.14-fold stimulation by the lowest Ni2+ dose (25 µmol/L) during the first 5 d”
e1“However, plants failed to sustain this stimulation any longer as the level paralleled the Ni-free control during subsequent growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Marginal stimulation of urease by Ni2+ was arranged as 100 > 25 > 0 > 200 > 300 µmol/L.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Ni2+e1
- Outcome
- marginal stimulation of ureasee1
- Direction
- stimulatione1
- Qualifier
- 100 > 25 > 0 > 200 > 300 µmol/Le1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e1“The marginal stimulation of urease by Ni2+ can be arranged as 100 > 25 > 0 > 200 > 300 µmol/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease activity increased to 24.7 µmol g−1 dw during 20 d.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Gene
- ureasee1
- Outcome
- Urease activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 24.7 µmol g−1 dwe1
- Qualifier
- during 20 de1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e1“Urease activity increased to a maximum of 24.7 µmol g−1 dw during 20 d although it declined to 22.4 units at the end of the experiment (30 d)”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease activity declined to 22.4 units at the end of the experiment (30 d).
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Gene
- ureasee1
- Outcome
- Urease activitye1
- Direction
- declinede1
- Value
- 22.4 unitse1
- Qualifier
- at the end of the experiment (30 d)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e1“Urease activity increased to a maximum of 24.7 µmol g−1 dw during 20 d although it declined to 22.4 units at the end of the experiment (30 d)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea roots at the seedling stage had double the amount of urease of shoots.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Gene
- ureasee0
- Outcome
- the amount of ureasee0
- Value
- doublee0
- Qualifier
- at the seedling stagee0
- Comparator
- shootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pisum sativum roots even at the seedling stage, had double the amount of urease as shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease in pea may facilitate plant assimilation of urea from the ambient environment.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Compound
- ureae1
- Outcome
- plant assimilation of ureae1
- Qualifier
- may primarily be to facilitatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydroponically-grown Pisum sativum plants were sensitive to Ni2+ (100–1000 µmol/L)”
e1“It is suggested that this may primarily be to facilitate the plant assimilation of urea from the ambient environment”
The same questions in other papers
nickel(2+) · molecular: metabolites · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.