Abstract
The role of Ca(2+) transport in the mechanism of Al toxicity was investigated, using a Ca(2+)-selective microelectrode system to study Al effects on root apical Ca(2+) fluxes in two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars: Al-tolerant Atlas 66 and Al-sensitive Scout 66. Intact 3-day-old low-salt-grown (100 micromolar CaCl(2), pH 4.5) wheat seedlings were used, and it was found that both cultivars maintained similar rates of net Ca(2+) uptake in the absence of Al. Addition of Al concentrations that were toxic to Scout (5-20 micromolar AlCl(3)) immediately and dramatically inhibited Ca(2+) uptake in Scout, whereas Ca(2+) transport in Atlas was relatively unaffected. The Al-induced inhibition of Ca(2+) uptake in Scout 66 was rapidly reversed following removal of Al from the solution bathing the roots. Similar studies with morphologically intact root cell wall preparations indicated that the Al effects did not involve Al-Ca interactions in the cell wall. These results suggest that Al inhibits Ca(2+) influx across the root plasmalemma, possibly via blockage of calcium channels. The differential effect of Al on Ca(2+) transport in Al-sensitive Scout and Al-tolerant Atlas suggests that Al blockage of Ca(2+) channels could play a role in the cellular mechanism of Al toxicity in higher plants.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The two wheat cultivars had similar net calcium uptake without aluminum.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- net Ca(2+) uptakee0
- Qualifier
- in the absence of Ale0
- Comparator
- both cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both cultivars maintained similar rates of net Ca(2+) uptake in the absence of Al”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxic aluminum concentrations immediately and dramatically inhibited calcium uptake in Scout.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Scoute0
- Treatment
- 5-20 micromolar AlCl(3)e0
- Outcome
- Ca(2+) uptakee0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of Al concentrations that were toxic to Scout (5-20 micromolar AlCl(3)) immediately and dramatically inhibited Ca(2+) uptake in Scout”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium transport in Atlas was relatively unaffected by the aluminum concentrations.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Atlase0
- Treatment
- 5-20 micromolar AlCl(3)e1
- Outcome
- Ca(2+) transporte0
- Direction
- relatively unaffectede0
- Comparator
- Scoute1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas Ca(2+) transport in Atlas was relatively unaffected.”
e1“Addition of Al concentrations that were toxic to Scout (5-20 micromolar AlCl(3))”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing aluminum rapidly reversed its inhibition of calcium uptake in Scout 66.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Scout 66e0
- Treatment
- removal of Ale0
- Outcome
- Ca(2+) uptakee0
- Direction
- reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Al-induced inhibition of Ca(2+) uptake in Scout 66 was rapidly reversed following removal of Al from the solution bathing the roots.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum effects did not involve aluminum-calcium interactions in root cell walls.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- root cell walle0
- Outcome
- did not involve Al-Ca interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar studies with morphologically intact root cell wall preparations indicated that the Al effects did not involve Al-Ca interactions in the cell wall.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest aluminum inhibits calcium influx across the root plasmalemma, possibly by blocking calcium channels.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ale0
- Outcome
- Ca(2+) influx across the root plasmalemmae0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Qualifier
- possibly via blockage of calcium channelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results suggest that Al inhibits Ca(2+) influx across the root plasmalemma, possibly via blockage of calcium channels.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The differential calcium transport response suggests calcium channel blockage could contribute to aluminum toxicity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ale0
- Outcome
- cellular mechanism of Al toxicitye0
- Qualifier
- Al blockage of Ca(2+) channelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The differential effect of Al on Ca(2+) transport in Al-sensitive Scout and Al-tolerant Atlas suggests that Al blockage of Ca(2+) channels could play a role in the cellular mechanism of Al toxicity in higher plants.”
t0“Wheat”
The same questions in other papers
aluminium atom · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- negative
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →aluminium trichloride · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.